Formación histórica de la sociología rural: proceso de civilización del indio y del campesino en México (1870-1960).

Historic Formation of Rural Sociology: the Process of the Civilization of the Indigenous and Peasant in Mexico (1870-1960).

RURAL sociology; SOCIAL conditions in Mexico; MEXICAN politics & government, 1810-; RURAL development; PEASANTS; INDIGENOUS peoples of Mexico; HISTORY; SOCIAL conditions of Indigenous peoples of the Americas

En el presente artículo se examina el proceso histórico de constitución de la sociología en México y los inicios de los estudios rurales. Se destaca la relación que la sociología ha mantenido con los diferentes regímenes políticos desde finales del siglo xix hasta los años sesenta de la pasada centuria. Los persistentes problemas del campo, una sociología rural que se ha venido confundiendo, primero con la antropología y luego con el desarrollo rural, y también la voluntad irrenunciable del Estado de civilizar al campesino movilizando al sector académico, son elementos que explican el desarrollo tardío de esta rama de la sociología general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the historic process of how sociology was constituted in Mexico and the early days of rural studies, underlining its relationship to the different political regimes from the end of the nineteenth century to the 1960s. The persistent problems in the countryside, a rural sociology that has become more and more confused, first with anthropology and then with rural development, and also the state's inexorable determination to bring civilization to the peasantry by mobilizing academia are all elements that explain the late development of this branch of general sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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