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Changing relationships between authors and publishers: Lithuania Major in the first half of the 19th century.
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- Author(s): Navickienė, Aušra
- Source:
Libellarium; 2013, Vol. 6 Issue 1/2, p29-42, 14p- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Alternate Title: Mijenjanje odnosa autora i nakladnika: Litva tijekom prve polovice 19. stoljeća. (Croatian)
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract: The changing relationship between authors and publishers was a phenomenon related to the model of modern book publishing business which began to emerge in Lithuania Major, as well as throughout much of Central and Eastern Europe in the early 19th century. The topic of this research is the legal framework established in 1830 as part of Russian censorship laws intended to regulate property rights of authors and publishers, which was also applied in the occupied territory of Lithuania. Different sources and methods were used in this article to answer to the following questions: "How were the rights and obligations of authors and publishers understood in documents regulating publishing activities in Lithuania Major in the first decades of the 19th century (i.e. before 1830)?"; "How was this concept legitimized in the first legal enactments regulating copyrights (i.e. after the introduction of regulations)?"; "How were these mutually useful relationships reflected in Lithuanian book publishing before the Russian occupational government imposed radical measures to restrict Lithuanian national culture and publishing in 1864?" The main sources of data were the 19th century official and unofficial documents regulating publishing activities (including, most importantly, the censorship laws of the time) and archival materials documenting the activities of Lithuanian private publishers and book authors of the time, such as correspondence and documentation on the activities of publishing institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Početkom 19. stoljeća uznapredovalo poduzetničko nakladništvo nije se više zadovoljavalo zastarjelim sustavom privilegija, oblikom reguliranja nakladničke djelatnosti kojim se kroz dugi niz godina osiguravala stabilnost nakladništva i knjižarstva. Sustav je trebalo zamijeniti zakonima koji će osigurati pošteno i kompetitivno okružje i zaštiti nakladnike od ilegalnog poslovanja. Jedna od tema koju je trebalo riješiti na državnoj razini bila je i zaštita intelektualnog vlasništva. U usporedbi s drugim europskim zemljama, zakonska regulativa o autorskim pravima u Ruskom je Carstvu uvedena prilično kasno. Tek je kasnih 1820-ih uznapredovala kompetitivnost među nakladnicima potaknula cara Nikolu I da 8. siječnja 1830. odobri patent O zaštiti autora, prevoditelja i nakladnika koji je pripremilo državno cenzorsko tijelo. Taj je propis dodan Cenzorskoj regulativi iz 1828. čime se uspostavljeni standardi zaštite autorskih prava slični onima koji su primjenjivani diljem kontinentalne Europe te je stvoren čvrst zakonodavni okvir koji je omogućio profesionalizaciju autorstva, ekonomsku sigurnost autora i zaštitu od piratstva. Međutim, slijedom nepovoljnih okolnosti u Litvi tijekom prve polovice 19. stoljeća zakon je bio važniji za nakladnike negoli za autore i imao je malen utjecaj na nakladništvo općenito. Razlozi za to leže u iznimno lošoj kupovnoj moći stanovništva, jer čitatelji nisu mogli izdvajati sredstva koja bi osigurala normalne aktivnosti autora, nakladnika, tiskara i knjižara; potom u dominaciji poljskog i ruskog jezika u javnom životu i dominaciji židovskih i poljskih poduzetnika u gospodarstvu koji nisu bili voljni investirati u tekstove na litavskom jeziku; potom u naslijeđenim arhaičnim društvenim strukturama iz razdoblja Velikog Litavskog Vojvodstva koje je priječilo razvoj svjetovne inteligencije i naposljetku u politikama stranih vladajućih struktura provođenim kroz obrazovni i nakladnički sektor s ciljem anuliranja litavskih i poljskih čitateljskih zajednica, a radi lakše provedbe politike rusifikacije. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Libellarium is the property of University of Zadar, Department of Information Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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