Relación entre síntomas depresivos, Índice de Masa Corporal y autopercepción del peso en adolescentes escolares. (Spanish)

Relationship among depressive symptoms, Body Mass Index and self-perception of weight in adolescents. (English)

Objective: The aim of this study was to know the association among depressive symptoms, Body Mass Index (BMI) and self-perception of body weight in adolescent students at Bogotá, Colombia. Method: A cross-sectional study was designed. A voluntary participation was asked to adolescents of State schools. Depressive symptoms were quantified with a ten-item version of Zung' Self-Rating Depression Scale; the BMI was calculated employing weight and height; and the self-perception of weight was evaluated using a question with three option answer (0=low body weight; 1=adequate; 2=high). Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs) was used to estimate the association. Values of rs higher than 0.30 were accepted as significant associations. Results: A group of 321 students participated in the research, with ages between 12 and 18 years old, age mean was 14.6 years old (SD=1.6), 64.2% were girls. Depressive symptom scores were between 10 and 36, mean=20.6 (SD=4.7). BMI were between 14.5 and 29.8, mean=20.5 (SD=3.0). Self-perception of weight scores were: 15% low, 71% adequate and 14% high. Correlation between depressive symptoms and self-perception of the body weight was rs=-0.019 (p=0.740); between depressive symptoms and BMI, rs=-0.098 (p=0.079); and between BMI and self-perception of weight was rs=0.446 (p<0.001). Conclusions: BMI is related to self-perception of body weight, but depressive symptoms do not affect self-perception of body weight. More investigations are needed in Colombian students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Conocer la asociación entre síntomas depresivos, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y autopercepción del peso corporal en adolescentes escolares de Bogotá, D.C. (Colombia). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico transversal en el que participaron estudiantes de colegios públicos. Los síntomas depresivos se cuantificaron con la versión de 10 ítems de la escala de Zung para depresión; el IMC a partir de la toma de peso y talla; y la autopercepción de peso corporal mediante una pregunta con tres opciones de respuesta (0=bajo, normal=1 y alto=2). Se calculó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman (rs) para estimar las asociaciones. Se aceptaron como significativos valores de rs mayores de 0,300. Resultados: Participaron 321 estudiantes, con edades entre 12 y 18 años, media=14.6 años (DE=1,6); el 64,2 % fueron mujeres. Las puntuaciones para síntomas depresivos se encontraron entre 10 y 36, media=20,6 (DE=4,7), moda=21, mediana=21; los IMC se observaron entre 14,5 y 29,8, media=20,5 (DE=3,0); y la autopercepción del peso fue baja en 15,0 %, normal en 71,0 % y alta en 14,0 %. La correlación entre síntomas depresivos y autopercepción del peso fue rs=-0,019 (p=0,740); entre síntomas depresivos e IMC, rs=- 0,098 (p=0,079); y entre IMC y autopercepción de peso, rs=0,446 (p<0,001). Conclusiones: El IMC guarda una relación estadísticamente significativa con la autopercepción del peso corporal; sin embargo, los síntomas depresivos son independientes de la autopercepción del peso corporal. Se necesitan más investigaciones con adolescentes escolares colombianos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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