GUMBELINIŲ BAKTERIJŲ PREPARATŲ GAMYBA IR INOKULIANTŲ KOKYBĖ. (Lithuanian)

Rhizobium Inoculants Preparations and Quality. (English)

Inoculation of leguminous plants is important due to the productivity of the plants rather than the physiology of bacteria. When making bacterial preparations the scien-tists have to ensure their maximum effectiveness even if the end user cannot comprehend the principles of bacteria operation. When the quality of the inoculants of legumi-nous plants was not controlled on international level, the efficiency of the preparations often raised doubts and pe-ople refused to use them. However, with the help of laws one can achieve that the manufacturers obligate to design and manufacture high quality and efficient products. Rhi-zobium / Bradyrhizobium inoculants have been in use for more than a century. However, the scientific researches we-re started barely a few decades ago. The features of the microorganisms and their application in practice were stu-died. Although researches on the practical use of bioprepa-rations are scarce, their number has been steadily growing recently. The need for the researches arose due to the ever increasing demand for biological preparations which in turn is related to the boost in popularity of environmentally friendly agriculture methods, including the development of organic farming. Over 214 types of biological preparations were sold in the countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2005. This is a rather significant number proving that the re-searches carried out in many scientific research centres we-re successful. Here in Lithuania, Prof. dr. habil. Edmundas Lapinskas has been studying the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, their compatibility with other plants and the effi-ciency of the newly developed strains for more than thirty years. However, even today we still highly lack knowledge of how the root nodule bacteria adapt under the conditions of commercial agriculture and what the influence of the ino-culants on plants is. The bacteria residing in the nodules of leguminous plants and also the so-called "plant growth-pro-moting rhizobacteria" are rapidly gaining popularity as an object of research when seeking to use the preparations for commercial purposes, e.g. biofertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Straipsnyje aptariama pupinių augalų inokuliavimo gumbelinėmis bakterijomis tendencijos. Bakterinių prepa-ratų gamyboje vis dar trūksta maksimalios kokybės kontro-lės, nėra teisės aktų, kurie reglamentuotų gamintojų atsako-mybę už aukštos kokybės ir veiksmingo produkto kūrimą ir gamybą. Nekontroliuojant pupinių augalų inokuliantųko-kybės tarptautiniu mastu, ne kartą buvo suabejota preparato veiksmingumu ir atsisakyta jo naudojimo. Pupinių augalų gumbeliuose gyvenančios bakterijos yra sparčiai plintantis tyrimo objektas, siekiant preparatus išnaudoti komerciniais tikslais kaip biotrąšas. Pagrindiniai preparatų komercializa-vimo trūkumai, žinių stoka apie rizosferos ekologiją, ypač apie ten vykstančius mikroorganizmų tarpusavio ryšius. Bakterinių preparatų gamintojai privalo būti užtikrinti, kad rizobijos sėkmingai infekuos augalo sėklą ir užtikrins nuo-seklų poveikį augalui šeimininkui. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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