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Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Exposure and the American Alligator: A Review of the Potential Role of Environmental Estrogens on the Immune System of a Top Trophic Carnivore.
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- Author(s): Finger Jr., John W.1,2; Gogal Jr., Robert M.3
- Source:
Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology. Nov2013, Vol. 65 Issue 4, p704-714. 11p.- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) alter cellular and organ system homeostasis by interfering with the body’s normal physiologic processes. Numerous studies have identified environmental estrogens as modulators of EDC-related processes in crocodilians, notably in sex determination. Other broader studies have shown that environmental estrogens dysregulate normal immune function in mammals, birds, turtles, lizards, fish, and invertebrates; however, the effects of such estrogenic exposures on alligator immune function have not been elucidated. Alligators occupy a top trophic status, which may give them untapped utility as indicators of environmental quality. Environmental estrogens are also prevalent in the waters they occupy. Understanding the effects of these EDCs on alligator immunity is critical for managing and assessing changes in their health and is thus the focus of this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Abstract:
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