The dynamics of scarlet fever epidemics in England and Wales in the 19th century.

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  • Author(s): Duncan CJ;Duncan CJ; Duncan SR; Scott S
  • Source:
    Epidemiology and infection [Epidemiol Infect] 1996 Dec; Vol. 117 (3), pp. 493-9.
  • Publication Type:
    Historical Article; Journal Article
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Cambridge University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8703737 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0950-2688 (Print) Linking ISSN: 09502688 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Epidemiol Infect Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Cambridge Eng : Cambridge University Press
    • Subject Terms:
      Disease Outbreaks/*history ; Scarlet Fever/*epidemiology ; Scarlet Fever/*history; England/epidemiology ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Scarlet Fever/mortality ; Triticum/economics ; Triticum/history ; Wales/epidemiology
    • Abstract:
      There was a marked rise in scarlet fever mortality in England and Wales in the mid-nineteenth century and spectral analysis of the registration details, 1847-80, shows that the interepidemic interval was 5-6 years, but after 1880 the endemic level fell and the fatal epidemics disappeared. The dynamics of the scarlet fever epidemics can be represented by a linearized mathematical model and because the system is lightly damped, it could be driven by an oscillation in susceptibility. Epidemics were significantly correlated with dry conditions in spring/summer (P < 0.001), suggesting that these produced a low amplitude oscillation in susceptibility which drove the system. Epidemics also correlated (P < 0.001) with an oscillation in wheat prices but at a lag of 3 years, suggesting that malnutrition during pregnancy caused increased susceptibility in the subsequent children which interacted synergistically with seasonal dry conditions. Scarlet fever mortality was sharply reduced after 1880 in parallel with falling wheat prices suggesting that the remarkable period of high scarlet fever mortality (1840-80) was dependent on poor nutritive levels during that time.
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    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 19961201 Date Completed: 19970114 Latest Revision: 20190516
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      PMC2271647
    • Accession Number:
      10.1017/s0950268800059161
    • Accession Number:
      8972674