Diferencias culturales en el uso de marcos de referencia espacial: el caso de los niños mapuche.

Cultural differences in the use of frame spatial reference: The Case of the Mapuche Indigenous Children.

SPATIAL ability in children; EGOISM in children; CHILDREN; COGNITION in children; MAPUCHE (South American people); CROSS-cultural differences

Investigaciones transculturales muestran la variabilidad existente en el desarrollo de la cognición espacial, cuestionando el predominio del marco de referencia relativo y la visión egocéntrica en las representaciones infantiles (Dasen & Mishra, 2010). Este estudio se centra en establecer diferencias en los marcos de referencia espacial usados por 210 escolares mapuche y chilenos, 152 rurales y 58 urbanos, de nivel socioeconómico bajo. Los participantes respondieron una tarea de memoria espacial en la que se evaluó el predominio del marco de referencia relativo o absoluto, y aunque ambos grupos culturales utilizaron los dos marcos de referencia, claramente en los niños mapuche rurales de 10 a 12 años predomina el marco absoluto. Se discuten las implicaciones de la cultura en el desarrollo de la cognición espacial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cross-cultural research has showed diversity in the development of spatial cognition questioning the predominance of relative frame of spatial reference and the egocentric point of view in children's representations (Dasen & Mishra, 2010). We examined the use of frames of spatial reference in Mapuche and Chileans children from Region VIII and IX of Chile. Two hundred ten children from low socioeconomic school participated in this study, 102 children were of rural origin and 58 students were of urban origin. They responded to spatial memory task to evaluate the predominance of relative or absolute frame of reference. Although the Mapuche and Chileans children used both frames of reference, in the Mapuche children the absolute frame of reference was predominant. The impacts of culture on the development of spatial cognition are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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