Alianza terapéutica y su relación con las variables de apego del terapeuta y del consultante.

Therapist and Client Attachment and its Relationship with Therapeutic Alliance.

THERAPEUTIC alliance; PSYCHOTHERAPY; PSYCHOTHERAPIST-patient relations; CLINICAL psychology; ATTACHMENT behavior

El presente estudio se diseñó con el propósito de determinar las variaciones de la alianza terapéutica (AT) a lo largo de la terapia y determinar la relación con el apego del consultante y del terapeuta. El apego se evaluó mediante la Adult Attachment Scale y la AT a través del Inventario de Alianza Terapéutica aplicado en la 1.ª, la 3.ª y la 10.ª o última sesión. Participaron 25 terapeutas, 19 estudiantes y 6 profesionales con 1 a 4 años de experiencia clínica. Se inició con 50 consultantes mayores de edad; para la 3.ª sesión quedaron 30 casos y en la última, 15. Los resultados indicaron que la seguridad del apego favorece el desarrollo de la AT evaluada por el terapeuta, en especial en la 1.ª sesión. Posteriormente, la apertura a la intimidad con el consultante y la confianza en el procedimiento terapéutico benefician la AT [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews the results of a study on the development of the therapeutic alliance (TA) along the psychotherapeutic process and its relationship with therapists' and clients' attachment styles. TA was evaluated in the 1st, 3rd, and 10th or last session through the "Inventario de Alianza Terapéutica" (IAT), attachment was measured by the Adult Attachment Scale. Twenty five therapists participated, 19 senior psychology students and 6 professional psychologists with 1 to 4 years of clinical experience. The study was initiated with 50 adult people, for the 3rd session there were 30 cases, and for the last one, 15. Secure attachment of the therapist and the client associated with better TA as evaluated by the therapist. Later on, intimacy and trustfulness in the therapeutic procedures improved the TA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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