ZAŠTITA ZDRAVLJA ČLANOVA POLJOPRIVREDNIH KUĆANSTAVA POŽEŠKO-SLAVONSKE ŽUPANIJE.

HEALTH PROTECTION OF THE FARMING POPULATION IN POŽEŠKO-SLAVONSKA COUNTY.

In Croatia, 47.6% of the population lives in rural areas. It is estimated that the number of persons working in farm households is around 1,485,647 which includes labour-active male and female population, children, the elderly and disabled persons. Occupational safety measures and regulations are not enforced in the case of the farm households and their implementation cannot be controlled as the people are not officially employed. The exact number of injuries and professional diseases cannot be determined since there is no obligation of reporting. This research aims to describe the current status of health protection and safety in farm house- holds as found in Požeško-slavonska County. The gathered information can be used to introduce specific minimum health protection and safety measures in agriculture intended to remove causes of injuries and occupational diseases. Using the HELS questionnaire data was collected regarding participants' health status, behaviour and perception of typical factors related to agriculture and rural life, most frequent injuries and occupational diseases, usage of protective equipment and methods of pesticides application. The research was conducted from February to April 2011 in Požeško-slavonska County. The research sample consisted of 164 participants, 104 women (aged 18 to 83) and 60 men (aged 18 to 93). Injuries were reported in 32 (19,5%) participants and categorised from minor to severe. Pesticide intoxication was reported in 6 (3,6%) participants. The questionnaire shows that protective equipment, mostly work gloves, is used by 84 (51,2%). Out of 91 children in families that participated in this research, 58 (63,7%) worked in agriculture. Presented results suggest the need for further research in rural areas of Croatia regarding health protection and safety of farm households and a need for securing the implementation of equal or at least minimum health and safety measures for all members of farm households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

U ruralnim područjima živi 7,6 % ukupnog stanovništva Hrvatske. Procjenjuje se da ima 1.485.647 članova poljoprivrednih kućanstava u koje ubrajamo pored radno aktivnih muškaraca i žena, djecu te starije i invalidne osobe. Na članove poljoprivrednih kućanstava ne primjenjuju se mjere i pravila sigurnosti za osiguranje njihove zaštite zdravlja, ni nadzor nad njihovom primjenom temeljem postojećih zakona jer nije zasnovan radni odnos. Broj ozljeda i profesionalnih bolesti se ne može utvrditi jer ne postoji obveza prijavljivanja. Cilj rada je utvrditi postojeće stanje zaštite zdravlja i sigurnosti članova poljoprivrednih kućanstava na području Požeško-slavonske županije, opasnosti i štetnosti koje se javljaju prilikom obavljanja poljoprivrednih poslova zbog uređivanja i donošenja specifičnih mjera i minimalnih uvjeta za zaštitu zdravlja i sigurnost kojima se mogu otkloniti i smanjiti ozljede te profesionalne bolesti. Upitnikom su prikupljeni podaci o članovima poljoprivrednih kućanstava, najčešćim ozljedama, profesionalnim bolestima, nošenju zaštitne opreme te uporabi pesticida. Istraživanje je provedeno na području Požeško-slavonske županije u razdoblju od veljače do travnja 2011. godine, a obuhvatilo je 164 ispitanika, od toga 104 žene (dobi od 18 do 83) i 60 muškaraca (od 18 do 93 godina). Ozljede prilikom obavljanja poljoprivrednih poslova zadobilo je 32 (19,5 %) ispitanika. Utvrđene ozljede klasificirane su kao lakše i teže, a otrovanje pesti ci dima zabilježeno je u 6 ispitanika (3,6 %). Zaštitnu opremu, uglavnom rukavice, nose njih 84 (51,2 %). Od ukupno 91 djeteta, njih 58 (63,7 %) obavlja poljoprivredne poslove u kućanstvima. Prikazani podaci o stanju zaštite zdra vi ja i sigurnosti upućuju na potrebu proširivanja istraživanja ruralnih područja RH te pristupanja uređivanju i donošenju mjera i pravila kojima bi se svim članovima poljoprivrednih kućanstava osigurali bolji uvjeti rada i zaštite zdravlja. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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