Canagliflozin: An emerging treatment option for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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    • Subject Terms:
      CARRIER proteins; HYPOGLYCEMIC agents; TYPE 2 diabetes; PHARMACEUTICAL chemistry; INVESTIGATIONAL drugs; CHEMICAL inhibitors; PHARMACODYNAMICS
    • Abstract:
      Canagliflozin is a sodium glucose co-transporter inhibitor under review for FDA approval for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Many of the currently marketed antidiabetic agents in the United States have been associated with undesirable side effects such as weight gain and/ or hypoglycemia. Therefore, efficacious alternative agents with a more favorable side-effect profile are needed for the management of diabetic patients. Phase 3 trials have established the efficacy of canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg daily in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with type 2 diabetes. Pharmacokinetic studies of canagliflozin have demonstrated half-lives ranging from 12 to 15 hours, suggesting the possibility of once-daily dosing. The most common adverse effects reported in phase 3 trials were genital fungal infections, urinary tract infections, hypoglycemia, and osmotic diuresis-related adverse effects. Unresolved issues with canagliflozin treatment include liver dysfunction, breast cancer, bladder cancer, and risks of hypoglycemia with the use of this drug in combination with insulin. (Formulary. 2013; 43:68-76.) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
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