The introduction of multiculturalism in Canada and Australia, 1960s-1970s.

CANADA; AUSTRALIA

This article compares the emergence of a policy of multiculturalism in Canada and Australia between the 1960s and 1970s. It charts the rise of the policy in the two countries through the adoption of a philosophy of multiculturalism as the basis of their national identities. There is a distinction between philosophy and policy: a multicultural policy emerged out of a philosophy of multiculturalism. Furthermore, a philosophy of multiculturalism replaced the 'new nationalism' as the foundation of the national identities of both English-speaking Canada and Australia. The abandonment of the White Canada and White Australia policies and the adoption of non-discriminatory immigration policies in both countries were also of importance in the emergence of a policy of multiculturalism. There are many similarities in the Canadian and Australian experiences. However, the major differences are explained by the presence of the French- Canadians in Canada and the early non- British migration that Canada received in the late-nineteenth century compared with Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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