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Développement d'une méthode de quantification des ARN messagers par RT-PCR dans les biopsies testiculaires. (French)
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- Author(s): Lejeune, H.; Levy, R.; Brébant, C.; Crave, J; Berger-Dutrieux, N.; Devonec, M.; Durand, P.; Saez, J; Pugeat, M.
- Source:
Andrologie (11662654); Jun1996, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p214-223, 10p
- Additional Information
- Abstract:
The physiopathology of abnormal spermatogenesis in infertile men remain largely unknown. To analyse gene expression in the testis, we developped a method of relative quantification of mRNA by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), suitable for testicular biopsies. The methodological strategy was adapted to the constraints due to: Preliminary experiments were performed using testes obtained from one 23 years old subject in recent cerebral death (normal spermatogenesis on histological examination) and 3 patients with prostate cancer with the following histological findings: hypospermatogenesis with production of spermatozoa in less than 10% of the seminiferous tubule sections, seminiferous tubule atrophy with fibrohyalinose, or with hyalinose and Leydig cell hyperplasia. We measured mRNA levels of genes considered as markers of different cell types, Clusterin for Sertoli cells, cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage (CyP450scc) for Leydig cells and protamine-1 for germ cells, and inhibin a-subunit as paracrine/endocrine factor, relatively to the wide-spread used gene of reference ß-actin. The chosen methods were as follows: total RNA extraction, priming of the RT with oligo-dT, primer for PCR of similar composition (20-mer, 45-55% CG), located on different exons, coamplification of the cDNA of interest with the cDNA of reference in the same PCR tube, delayed begining of amplification of the highest expressed gene to avoid a too high difference in the mRNA levels of the two coamplified cDNAs, revelation of PCR products by Southern blot and hybridization with 32P-CTP labelled probes, autoradiography and densitometry of the signals obtained during the exponential phase of the amplification. Such a procedure allowed to measure the mRNA of interest relatively to the mRNA of reference with 0.1 μg of total RNA (instead of 10-40 μg for Northern blot). The measurement by RT-PCR of inhibin a-subunit mRNAs in testicular RNAs mixed with known amounts of RNAs extracted from a human hepatoma cell line which did not express inhibin α-subunit gene (HepG2), was in good correlation with the expected values (r=0.989; p=0.0015), as well as with Northern blot values (r=0.995; p=0.0005). The results of mRNA measurement by RT-PCR in the pathological testes, relatively to the normal testis, were in good correlation with Northern blot (r=0.914; p=0.0002), and results of RT-PCR performed from small biopsy tissue samples (1-5 mg) and from larger tissue samples (≈100 mg) were in good correlation (r=0.931; p=0.0003). Our results are consistant with histological findings: lack of protamine-1 expression in the cases of total spermatogenic failure and increased CyP450scc in Leydig cell hyperplasia. The inhibin a-subunit mRNA levels were mainly dependant on the content of the samples in somatic cells of the testis. Our results underline that the use of specific markers of the different cell types is required to give a physiopathological significance to the measurement of the paracrine factor mRNAs in case of spermatogenic defects. These methods will allow to study the expression of genes involved in the local control of spermatogenesis in small testicular biospies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract:
Afin de mieux comprendre l'implication des facteurs de régulation de la spermatogenèse en pathologie humaine, nous avons développé une méthode de mesure des ARN messagers (ARNm) par reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), applicable à des fragments testiculaires de petite taille, tels que ceux obtenus lors des biopsies testiculaires. Nous présentons ici les aspects méthodologiques développés pour répondre aux contraintes liées: Les développements méthodologiques ont été effectués à partir des testicules prélevés chez un sujet en état de mort cérébrale (histologie normale) et de 3 testicules pathologiques obtenus lors de castration pour cancer de la prostate et présentant des troubles de la spermatogenèse. Nous avons mesuré l'expression de gènes marqueurs de divers types cellulaires, clusterine pour les cellules de Sertoli, cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage (CyP450scc) pour les cellules de Leydig, protamine-1 pour les cellules germinales post-méiotiques; et d'un facteur para/autocrine testiculaire, la sous unité α de l'inhibine, par rapport à la ß-actine. Les méthodes développées permettent d'obtenir une mesure relative d'un ARNm d'intérêt par rapport à un ARNm de référence à partir de 0,1 μg d'ARN total (au lieu de 10-40 μg en Northern Blot). La mesure des ARNm de l'α-inhibine dans des ARN testiculaires dilués par des ARN d'une lignée cellulaire n'exprimant pas l'α-inhibine (HepG2) montre une bonne corrélation avec les valeurs attendues (r=0,989; p=0,0015) et une bonne corrélation entre RT-PCR et Northern Blot (r=0,995; p=0,0005). En comparant l'expression des gènes étudiés dans les échantillons pathologiques par rapport au sujet contrôle, on observe une bonne corrélation entre RT-PCR et Northern blot (r=0,914; p=0,0002). Nos résultats concordent avec les constatations histologiques: absence d'expression de la protamine-1 dans les troubles sévères de la spermatogenèse, augmentation de l'expression du CyP450scc en cas d'hyperplasie leydigienne. L'expression de l'α-inhibine est en relation avec la proportion de cellules somatiques dans les échantillons. Ceci indique la nécessité d'une mesure relative de l'expression des facteurs paracrines, par rapport à des marqueurs spécifiques de chaque type cellulaire du testicule. Ces méthodes vont permettre des études de l'expression des gènes des facteurs régulateurs de la spermatogenèse sur les biopsies testiculaires réalisées lors des soins de l'infertilité des patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract:
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