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Folly Beach Library
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Edgar Allan Poe/Sullivan's Island Library
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Wando Mount Pleasant Library
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Village Library
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St. Paul's/Hollywood Library
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Otranto Road Library
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Mt. Pleasant Library
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McClellanville Library
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Keith Summey North Charleston Library
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John's Island Library
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Hurd/St. Andrews Library
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Miss Jane's Building (Edisto Library Temporary Location)
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Dorchester Road Library
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Baxter-Patrick James Island
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Phone: (843) 805-6892
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Disease Tracking Markers for Alzheimer's Disease at the Prodromal (MCI) Stage.
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- Author(s): Ashford, J. Wesson; Rosen, Allyson; Adamson, Maheen; Bayley, Peter; Sabri, Osama; Furst, Ansgar; Black, Sandra E.; Weiner, Michael; Drago, Valeria; Babiloni, Claudio; Bartrés-Faz, David; Caroli, Anna; Bosch, Beatriz; Hensch, Tilman; Didic, Mira; Klafki, Hans-Wolfgang; Pievani, Michela; Jovicich, Jorge; Venturi, Luca; Spitzer, Philipp
- Source:
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease; 2011 Supplement 3, Vol. 26, p159-199, 41p- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: Older persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) feature neurobiological Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in 50% to 70% of the cases and develop dementia within the next 5 to 7 years. Current evidence suggests that biochemical, neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and neuropsychological markers can track the disease over time since the MCI stage (also called prodromal AD). The amount of evidence supporting their validity is of variable strength. We have reviewed the current literature and categorized evidence of validity into three classes: Class A, availability of multiple serial studies; Class B a single serial study or multiple cross sectional studies of patients with increasing disease severity from MCI to probable AD; and class C, multiple cross sectional studies of patients in the dementia stage, not including the MCI stage. Several Class A studies suggest that episodic memory and semantic fluency are the most reliable neuropsychological markers of progression. Hippocampal atrophy, ventricular volume and whole brain atrophy are structural MRI markers with class A evidence. Resting-state fMRI and connectivity, and diffusion MR markers in the medial temporal white matter (parahippocampus and posterior cingulum) and hippocampus are promising but require further validation. Change in amyloid load in MCI patients warrant further investigations, e.g. over longer period of time, to assess its value as marker of disease progression. Several spectral markers of resting state EEG rhythms that might reflect neurodegenerative processes in the prodromal stage of AD (EEG power density, functional coupling, spectral coherence, and synchronization) suffer from lack of appropriately designed studies. Although serial studies on late event-related potentials (ERPs) in healthy elders or MCI patients are inconclusive, others tracking disease progression and effects of cholinesterase inhibiting drugs in AD, and cross-sectional including MCI or predicting development of AD offer preliminary evidence of validity as a marker of disease progression from the MCI stage. CSF Markers, such as Aβ
1-42 , t-tau and p-tau are valuable markers which support the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. However, these markers are not sensitive to disease progression and cannot be used to monitor the severity of Alzheimer's disease. For Isoprostane F2 some evidence exists that its increase correlates with the progression and the severity of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] - Abstract: Copyright of Journal of Alzheimer's Disease is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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