Extraction of oil from pequi fruit (Caryocar Brasiliense, Camb.) using several solvents and their mixtures.

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    • Alternate Title:
      Extracción de aceite del fruto pequi (Caryocar Brasiliense, Camb.) utilizando diversos disolventes y sus mezclas.
    • Subject Terms:
      CARYOCAR; EXTRACTION techniques; PLANT extracts; CAROTENOIDS; SOLVENTS
    • Abstract:
      En este trabajo fue estudiado el proceso de extracción de aceite de la pulpa de pequi utilizando diferentes disolventes (n-hexano, acetona y etanol) y sus mezclas, empleando diseño central simplex. Las extracciones fueron realizadas a 50°C, durante 16 horas de agitación (22 Hz). La proporción sólido:líquido empleada fue 1:10 (p/p). Los mayores rendimientos fueron obtenidos para las extracciones con acetona y con hexano, especialmente cuando fueron mezclados con etanol. El índice de yodo, el índice de saponificación y el índice de refracción no difirieron significativamente entre los tratamientos. Los mayores valores de acidez se obtuvieron en la extracción con etanol. Los mayores contenidos en carotenoides se obtuvieron en las extracciones con acetona y etanol como disolventes puros. El perfil de los ácidos grasos en las fracciones de aceite de los extractos no presentó variación entre los diferentes tipos de disolventes y sus mezclas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
      In this study, the oil extraction process from pequi pulp using different solvents (hexane, acetone and ethyl alcohol) and their mixtures was investigated, using a simplex-centroid design. The extraction occurred at 50°C, under stirring (22 Hz), for 16 hours. The solid-liquid ratio used was 1:10 (w/w). Higher yield values were obtained for extractions with acetone and hexane, especially their mixtures with ethanol. Iodine value, saponification value and refractive index did not differ significantly among the treatments. A higher acid value was obtained for the extraction with ethyl alcohol. Higher carotenoid contents were obtained for the extraction with acetone and ethyl alcohol as pure solvents. The fatty acid profile in the oil fraction of the extracts did not vary among the different types of solvents and their mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
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