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VIŠEFAZNO SUŠENJE CVASTI NEVENA U ŠARŽNOJ SUŠARI. (Serbian).
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- Author(s): Martinov, M.; Golub, M.; Adamovič, D.; Bojič, S.; Ikič, Ivka; Vasič, Radica
- Source:
Bulletin for Hops, Sorghum & Medicinal Plants. 2009, Vol. 41 Issue 82, p25-34. 10p. 1 Diagram, 4 Charts. - Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract: The results of three-phase drying of Calendula officinalis L. in batch dryer, as well as changes of drying mode (open-circulating) in its second and third phase are discussed. The experiments include five different drying temperatures and plant material layer height. The drying temperature of 50°C, constant open mode and natural drying served as control. The mass of dried material, fuel consumption, temperature of lower and upper layer, total carotenoid content and total microbial count were measured. Also, the specific drying duration and the specific drying energy were calculated. The specific drying energy value was lower than that of the control, in all the three-phase drying groups. When drying with changed mode (open-circulating) was applied, the in crease of the specific drying energy in final phase was smaller than in the control (constant open mode). The significant differences in moisture content between lower and upper layer of dried plant material were evident, pointing out the necessity of turning plant material during drying procedure. The content of total carotenoids was higher in lower layer, in all the experimental variants and lower by natural drying, pointing out that higher temperatures positively affected the total carotenoid content. The lowest total microbial count was obtained with the lower plant material layer while higher values were re corded in natural dried material. The highest values were recorded in fresh samples. Future investigations should be aimed at a constant temperature of drying agent in all phases, changing the drying mode (open-circulation) at app. 32% moisture content of plant material. In addition, plant layers should be turned after finishing first phase of drying (moisture content app. 32%). Also, the limit value of drying agent temperature should be defined to produce positive effects upon total carotenoid content. The re corded effect of relative humidity of drying agent upon total carotenoid content should be tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja parametara sušenja nevena u tri faze u šaržnoj sušari, pri čemu se u drugoj i trečoj fazi sušenja primenjivala promena moda rada sušare, otvoreni--recirkulacioni. Sprovedeni su eksperimenti sa četiri različite vrednosti temperatura po fazama, odnosno visine sloja sušenog materijala. Kontrolna grupa bilo je jednofazno sušenje na konstantnoj temperaturi 50°C i rad sa otvorenim modom, kao i prirodno sušenje. Mereni su sledeči parametri: masa sušenog materijala, utrošak goriva, promena temperature i sadržaja vlage biljne sirovine u donjem i gornjem sloju, sadržaj ukupnih karotenoida i broj mikroorganizama. Izračunavani su specifično trajanje sušenja i specifična energija sušenja. Za sve varijante faznog sušenja ostvarena je niža vrednost specifične energije sušenja u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu. Pokazano je da promena moda rada utiče i na to da se specifična energija sušenja u završnim fazama manje povečava u odnosu na prvu, nego ukoliko se radi samo u otvorenom modu. Uočeno je da postoji značajna razlika sadržaja vlage u gornjem i donjem sloju osušenog materijala, te da bi trebalo da se neven tokom sušenja bar jednom prevrče. Sadržaj ukupnih karotenoida za sve slučajeve bio je veči za donji sloj. U svim slučajevima bio je manji za prirodno sušenje. Na osnovu rezultata može da se zaključi da povišena temperatura agensa za sušenje doprinosi povečanju sadržaja karotenoida. Broj mikro--organizama bio je najmanji u donjem sloju, veči u gornjem sloju, zatim u uzorcima osušenim prirodno, dok je največi broj zabeležen u uzorcima sirovih cvasti nevena. U budučim istraživanjima trebalo bi ispitati rad sa konstantnom temperaturom tokom sušenja, a sa primenom promene moda, otvoreni--recirkulacioni, nakon dostizanja sadržaja vlage materijala od oko 32%, kao i rad sa prevrtanjem sloja materijala pri istom sadržaju vlage. Potrebno je da se utvrdi granična vrednost temperature agensa za sušenje kod koje dolazi do povečanja sadržaja ukupnih karotenoida, kao i da se proveri fenomen uticaja relativne vlažnosti agensa za sušenje. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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