Microbiote et probiotiques : impact en santé humaine. (French)

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    • Abstract:
      All accessible mucous membranes of the human body are colonized by an abundant and diversified microbial flora called microbiota. Recent studies have shown that these microorganisms, long regarded as purely commensal, have essential beneficial effects on human health. Thus, numerous human ailments are linked to dysbiosis; that is, imbalances in the microflora composition. The administration of probiotic microorganisms could, in some situations, provide substantial relief from such disorders. These live microorganisms, which, according to the definition, confer a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts, are often derived from human flora and belong mostly to lactic acid bacteria, in particular to the genus Lactobacillus. The constant improvement of knowledge of the role of human microbiota and the growing popularity of probiotics are now opening the door to new prophylactic and therapeutic strategies in human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
      L’ensemble des muqueuses accessibles de l’organisme humain est colonisé par une flore microbienne abondante et diversifiée, appelée microbiote. Des études récentes ont montré que ces micro-organismes, longtemps considérés comme purement commensaux, exercent des effets bénéfiques essentiels sur la santé humaine. Ainsi, de très nombreuses affections humaines seraient liées à des dysbioses, c’est-à-dire des déséquilibres de la composition de la flore microbienne. L’administration de micro-organismes probiotiques pourrait, dans certaines situations, apporter un soulagement conséquent de tels troubles. Ces micro-organismes vivants qui, selon la définition, administrés en quantités adéquates, confèrent un bénéfice à la santé de l’hôte, sont souvent issus des flores humaines et appartiennent pour la plupart aux bactéries lactiques, en particulier au genre Lactobacillus. L’amélioration permanente des connaissances sur le rôle du microbiote humain, ainsi que la popularité croissante des probiotiques, ouvrent aujourd’hui la voie à de nouvelles stratégies prophylactiques et thérapeutiques en santé humaine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
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