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Reflex vasoconstriction in aged human skin increasingly relies on Rho kinase-dependent mechanisms during whole body cooling.
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- Author(s): Lang, James A.; Jennings, John D.; Holowatz, Lacy A.; Kenney, W. Larry
- Source:
American Journal of Physiology: Heart & Circulatory Physiology; Nov2009, Vol. 297 Issue 5, pH1792-H1797, 6p- Subject Terms:
- Source:
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- Abstract: Primary human aging may be associated with augmented Rho kinase (ROCK)-mediated contraction of vascular smooth muscle and ROCK-mediated inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). We hypothesized that the contribution of ROCK to reflex vasoconstriction (VC) is greater in aged skin. Cutaneous VC was elicited by 1) whole body cooling [mean skin temperature (T
sk ) = 30.5°C] and 2) local norepinephrine (NE) infusion (1 X 10-6 M). Four microdialysis fibers were placed in the forearm skin of eight young (Y) and eight older (0) subjects for infusion of 1) Ringer solution (control), 2) 3 mM fasudil (ROCK inhibition), 3) 20 mM M3-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NOS inhibition), and 4) both ROCK + NOS inhibitors. Red cell flux was measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry over each site. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated as fluxlmean arterial pressure and normalized to baseline CVC (%ΔCVCbaseIine). VC was reduced at the control site in 0 during cooling (Y, -34 ± 3; and 0, -18 ± 3%ΔCVCbaseIine; P <0.001) and NE infusion (Y, -53 ± 4, and 0, 41 ± 9%ΔCVCbaseIine; P = 0.006). Fasudil attenuated VC in both age groups during mild cooling; however, this reduction remained only in O but not in Y skin during moderate cooling (Y, -30 ± 5; and 0, 7 ± 1%ΔCVCbaseline ; P = 0.016) and was not altered by NOS inhibition. Fasudil blunted NE-mediated VC in both age groups (Y, -23 ± 4; and 0, 7 ± 3%ΔCVCbaseline; P < 0.01). Cumulatively, these data indicate that reflex VC is more reliant on ROCK in aged skin such that approximately half of the total VC response to whole body cooling is ROCK dependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] - Abstract: Copyright of American Journal of Physiology: Heart & Circulatory Physiology is the property of American Physiological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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