Deep genetic divergences and few morphological changes support the cryptic speciation in Larimus breviceps (Sciaenidae, Acanthuriformes) from the western South Atlantic.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011-
    • Subject Terms:
      Phylogeny* ; Genetic Speciation*; Animals ; Brazil ; Atlantic Ocean ; Genetic Variation ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
    • Abstract:
      We evaluate the evidence of cryptic speciation in Larimus breviceps, a species widely distributed in the western South Atlantic, from the Greater Antilles to Santa Catarina in Brazil. Mitochondrial (COI, Cyt b, and Control Region) and nuclear (IGF1 and Tmo-4C4) sequences were obtained from populations in the western South Atlantic. The analysis revealed two genetically distinct, sympatric lineages with no gene flow, with L. breviceps lineage II (LII) being closer to Larimus pacificus than to the L. breviceps lineage I (LI). The most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) for the L. breviceps LI and L. pacificus/L. breviceps LII clade dates from 12.3 Ma, whereas TMRCA for the L. pacificus and L. breviceps LII dates from 3.4 Ma, indicating that speciation processes may be related to the rise of the Isthmus of Panama. Despite these profound genetic differences, morphometric analyses found only subtle differences between lineages, with specimens of the LI being slightly larger than those of the LII, suggesting the existence of cryptic species. Within each lineage there is a pattern of panmixia within the study area. Therefore, we suggest that it is necessary a taxonomic revision of Larimus from the western Atlantic to validate the species status of such lineages.
      Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: The approval by the ethics committee was not requested because the fish were purchased from artisanal fishermen and were already dead at the time of collection.
      (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Cryptic speciation; Molecular taxonomy; Morphology; Phylogeography; Western Atlantic
    • Accession Number:
      0 (DNA, Mitochondrial)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20241229 Date Completed: 20241229 Latest Revision: 20250104
    • Publication Date:
      20250104
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11682148
    • Accession Number:
      10.1038/s41598-024-83196-8
    • Accession Number:
      39732967