Stress physiology of Moringa oleifera under tropospheric ozone enrichment: An ecotype-specific investigation into growth, nonstructural carbohydrates, and polyphenols.

Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publishers and BIOS Scientific Publishers in association with the Society for Experimental Biology Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9207397 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-313X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09607412 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Plant J Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publishers and BIOS Scientific Publishers in association with the Society for Experimental Biology, c1991-

Ozone*/pharmacology ; Moringa oleifera*/metabolism ; Moringa oleifera*/physiology ; Ecotype* ; Polyphenols*/metabolism ; Photosynthesis*; Oxidative Stress ; Plant Roots/metabolism ; Plant Roots/physiology ; Plant Roots/growth & development ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Biomass ; Stress, Physiological

Ozone (O 3 ) is an oxidative pollutant that significantly threatens plant development and ecological dynamics. The present study explores the impact of O 3 on Moringa (Moringa oleifera) ecotypes when exposed to ambient and elevated O 3 levels. Elevated O 3 concentrations resulted in significant reductions in total biomass for all ecotypes. Photosynthetic parameters, including stomatal conductance (g sto ), CO 2 assimilation (P n ), and carboxylation efficiency (K), decreased under elevated O 3 in some ecotypes, indicating a detrimental effect on carbon assimilation. Nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) levels in roots varied among ecotypes, with significant reductions in starch content observed under elevated O 3 , suggesting a potential shift towards soluble sugar accumulation and reallocation for antioxidant defense. Secondary metabolite analysis revealed increased polyphenol production, particularly quercetin derivatives, under elevated O 3 in specific ecotypes, highlighting their role in mitigating oxidative stress. Interestingly, the glucosinolate content also varied, with some ecotypes exhibiting increased levels, suggesting a complex regulatory mechanism in response to O 3 exposure. The study underscores the intrinsic variability among Moringa ecotypes in response to O 3 stress, emphasizing the importance of genetic diversity for adaptation. The findings indicate that Moringa's metabolic plasticity, including shifts in NSC and SM production, plays a crucial role in its defense mechanisms against O 3 -induced oxidative stress. These insights are vital for optimizing the cultivation and utilization of Moringa in diverse environmental conditions, particularly in regions with elevated O 3 levels.
(© 2024 Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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Award Number: Project code CN_00000033 - CUP B83C2 National Biodiversity Future Center; 2013/7956 Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze; CUP B53C22002150006 Italian Integrated Environmental Research Infrastructure System

Keywords: Moringa ecotypes; nonstructural carbohydrates; ozone stress; photosynthetic efficiency; secondary metabolites

66H7ZZK23N (Ozone)
0 (Polyphenols)

Date Created: 20241030 Date Completed: 20241210 Latest Revision: 20241210

20241210

10.1111/tpj.17107

39476251