Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the diversity of the immunological landscape response to genital herpes.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101514185 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1995-820X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1995820X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virol Sin Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: 2022- : [Amsterdam, Netherlands] : Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
      Original Publication: Beijing : Science Press
    • Subject Terms:
      Herpes Genitalis*/immunology ; Herpes Genitalis*/virology ; Herpes Genitalis*/genetics ; Single-Cell Analysis* ; Herpesvirus 2, Human*/immunology ; Herpesvirus 2, Human*/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA*; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/virology ; Middle Aged ; Immunity, Innate ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Recurrence ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    • Abstract:
      Genital herpes (GH) is a common sexually transmitted disease, which is primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and continues to be a global health concern. Although our understanding of the alterations in immune cell populations and immunomodulation in GH patients is still limited, it is evident that systemic intrinsic immunity, innate immunity, and adaptive immunity play crucial roles during HSV-2 infection and GH reactivation. To investigate the mechanisms underlying HSV-2 infection and recurrence, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on immune cells isolated from the peripheral blood of both healthy individuals and patients with recurrent GH. Furthermore, the systemic immune response in patients with recurrent GH showed activation of classical monocytes, CD4 + T cells, natural killer cells (NK cells), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), especially of genes associated with the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and T cell activation. Circulating immune cells in GH patients show higher expression of genes associated with inflammation and antiviral responses both in the scRNA-Seq data set and in independent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis and ELISA experiments. This study demonstrated that localized genital herpes, resulting from HSV reactivation, may influence the functionality of circulating immune cells, suggesting a potential avenue for future research into the role of systemic immunity during HSV infection and recurrence.
      Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
      (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Genital herpes (GH); Herpes simplex virus (HSV); Immune response; Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20241019 Date Completed: 20241226 Latest Revision: 20241226
    • Publication Date:
      20241227
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.virs.2024.10.003
    • Accession Number:
      39426602