Inadequate Intake of Choline and Essential Fatty Acids in Latin American Childbearing-Age Women as a Regional Pre-Conceptional Disadvantage: ELANS Results.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing
    • Subject Terms:
      Choline*/administration & dosage ; Fatty Acids, Essential*/administration & dosage; Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Adolescent ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Pregnancy ; Latin America ; Dietary Supplements ; Diet/statistics & numerical data ; Nutrition Surveys
    • Abstract:
      Background/objectives: Choline and essential fatty acids (EFA) are vital for fetal brain development, supporting pregnancy, and maintaining hormonal balance. They also promote overall health. The childbearing years present a window of opportunity to increase the intake of these key nutrients and develop healthy dietary habits. The aims of this study were to evaluate the intake of choline and EFA in women of childbearing age (15-49 years old), identify their food sources and determine if supplements containing choline and EFA were available across the Estudio Latinoamericano de Nutrición y Salud (ELANS) countries.
      Methods: Survey data were collected for the ELANS, including participants from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela ( n = 9218; 15-65 years old). Women of childbearing age were extracted from the largest database ( n = 3704).
      Results: In general, choline intake was inadequate in all countries, while EFA intake was normal or above requirements. Chile had the lowest intake of choline, and Colombia had the highest. The results showed that some countries had more inadequate choline intake than others. Consuming a larger quantity of eggs helped reduce choline inadequacy, as did including eggs and fish in the diet. The intake of EFA, including ALA, EPA, and DHA, showed variability. The contributions of EPA and DHA were lower than that of ALA, and the results differed by age group.
      Conclusions: choline intake is inadequate, and EFA intake is variable among women of childbearing age in the ELANS study. More awareness and education are needed to achieve better intake of these nutrients.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: ELANS; Latin America; choline; diet; dietary intake; essential fatty acids; women of childbearing age
    • Accession Number:
      N91BDP6H0X (Choline)
      0 (Fatty Acids, Essential)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240928 Date Completed: 20240928 Latest Revision: 20240930
    • Publication Date:
      20240930
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11434761
    • Accession Number:
      10.3390/nu16183150
    • Accession Number:
      39339751