Evaluation of Methods for Identifying Poultry Wing Rinses With Salmonella Concentrations Greater Than or Equal to 10 CFU/mL.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7703944 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1944-9097 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0362028X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Food Prot Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: 2023- : [New York, NY] : Elsevier
      Original Publication: Ames, Iowa, International Association of Milk, Food, and Environmental Sanitarians.
    • Subject Terms:
      Salmonella* ; Food Microbiology* ; Chickens*/microbiology ; Colony Count, Microbial* ; Food Contamination*/analysis; Animals ; Humans ; Turkeys ; Poultry
    • Abstract:
      In the United States, the Proposed Regulatory Framework to Reduce Salmonella Illnesses Attributable to Poultry published by the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) has highlighted the need for simple, rapid methods that identify poultry wing rinse samples harboring Salmonella concentrations ≥10 CFU/mL. One of eight cold-stressed and nutrient-starved Salmonella strains was inoculated into post-chill two-joint poultry wing rinses (48 turkey and 72 chicken) at levels from 0.22 to 3.79 log CFU/mL, and then measured by 3-tube Most Probable Number (MPN), BioMerieux GENE-UP QUANT, Hygiena BAX SalQuant, and novel threshold methods. The MPN lower limit of quantification (LLQ) for Salmonella was -0.96 log CFU/mL. MPN overestimated the inoculated Salmonella level by 0.05 ± 0.35 log CFU/mL. The GENE-UP QUANT Salmonella method (LLQ = 1.00 log CFU/mL) underestimated the inoculated Salmonella level by 0.05 ± 0.51 log CFU/mL. The BAX SalQuant method (LLQ = 0.00 log CFU/mL) underestimated the inoculated Salmonella level by 1.21 ± 0.78 log CFU/mL. Threshold test methods with Poisson probabilities of 0.95 (PiLOT-95), 0.86 (PiLOT-86), 0.63 (PiLOT-63), and 0.50 (PiLOT-50) were developed to identify poultry wing rinses harboring Salmonella levels ≥10 CFU. MPN was 93.1%, accurate for determining if Salmonella levels in poultry wing rinses were ≥10 CFU/mL, but MPN costs and time requirements can be prohibitive for most laboratories. GENE-UP quantification was 86.1% accurate, but the GENE-UP method requires equipment and technical expertise that some food safety laboratories may not possess. BAX quantification had the lowest accuracy; 58.4%. PiLOT threshold test accuracies ranged from 83.2% for PiLOT-50 to 93.1% for PiLOT-86. The PiLOT threshold tests are simple and can be adapted to identify many environmental or food samples containing Salmonella exceeding any user-defined concentration threshold.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: “John W. Schmidt reports financial support was provided by Food Safety and Inspection Service. Jessie L. Vipham reports financial support was provided by the U.S. Poultry and Egg Association. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.”.
      (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: MPN; Poultry; Poultry Framework; Quantification; Salmonella; Threshold testing
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240919 Date Completed: 20241101 Latest Revision: 20241101
    • Publication Date:
      20241103
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100362
    • Accession Number:
      39299469