Decade-long historical shifts in legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in surface sediments of China's marginal seas: Ongoing production and ecological risks.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0147621 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-0953 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00139351 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Res Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: <2000- > : Amsterdam : Elsevier
      Original Publication: New York, Academic Press.
    • Subject Terms:
      Geologic Sediments*/chemistry ; Geologic Sediments*/analysis ; Fluorocarbons*/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring*; China ; Risk Assessment ; Oceans and Seas ; Alkanesulfonic Acids/analysis
    • Abstract:
      Since the addition of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) to the Stockholm Convention in 2009, it became imperative to reassess the distribution and ecological risk of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in coastal sediments over the past decade as sediment records the history of pollutants from human activities. To achieve this, sediments were collected in 2009 and 2021 from China's coastal regions. Despite the consistent geographical pattern where the highest concentrations of ∑PFAS were found in the Yellow Sea, temporal changes have emerged. During the studied period, ∑PFAS levels experienced an increase in the East China Sea while concurrently witnessing a decrease in the South China Sea. Of significance, emerging PFAS compounds displayed not only rising concentrations but also a broader array, pointing towards their intensified production and utilization within China. Alarmingly, PFOS levels in sediments taken from the East China Sea maintained a consistently high ecological risk status over the last ten years. Significant correlations were found between long-chain PFAS and organic carbon content. Comparisons between datasets from 2009 to 2021 uncovered a shifting ecological risk landscape, with heightened concerns for PFOA in the East China Sea, while PFOS-associated risks appeared to diminish in the South China Sea-potentially reflecting the transition to alternative PFAS chemicals. The research reinforces the importance of continuous monitoring and emphasizes the urgent necessity for deeper exploration into the environmental implications and hazards posed by emerging PFAS.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
      (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Decadal variations; Emerging PFAS; Marine sediments; PFAS; Risk assessments
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Fluorocarbons)
      0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
      0 (Alkanesulfonic Acids)
      9H2MAI21CL (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240915 Date Completed: 20241129 Latest Revision: 20241129
    • Publication Date:
      20241202
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.envres.2024.119978
    • Accession Number:
      39278581