Arabidopsis trigalactosyldiacylglycerol1 mutants reveal a critical role for phosphtidylcholine remodeling in lipid homeostasis.

Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publishers and BIOS Scientific Publishers in association with the Society for Experimental Biology Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9207397 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-313X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09607412 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Plant J Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publishers and BIOS Scientific Publishers in association with the Society for Experimental Biology, c1991-

Arabidopsis*/genetics ; Arabidopsis*/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins*/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins*/genetics ; Homeostasis* ; Lipid Metabolism*/genetics ; Triglycerides*/metabolism; Phosphatidylcholines/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Mutation ; 1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase/metabolism ; 1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase/genetics ; Diacylglycerol Cholinephosphotransferase/metabolism ; Diacylglycerol Cholinephosphotransferase/genetics ; Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase/metabolism ; Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase/genetics ; Membrane Transport Proteins

Lipid remodeling plays a critical role in plant response to abiotic stress and metabolic perturbations. Key steps in this process involve modifications of phosphatidylcholine (PC) acyl chains mediated by lysophosphatidylcholine: acyl-CoA acyltransferases (LPCATs) and phosphatidylcholine: diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase (ROD1). To assess their importance in lipid homeostasis, we took advantage of the trigalactosyldiacylglycerol1 (tgd1) mutant that exhibits marked increases in fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid flux through PC due to a block in inter-organelle lipid trafficking. Here, we showed that the increased fatty acid synthesis in tgd1 is due to posttranslational activation of the plastidic acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase. Genetic analysis showed that knockout of LPCAT1 and 2 resulted in a lethal phenotype in tgd1. In addition, plants homozygous for lpcat2 and heterozygous for lpcat1 in the tgd1 background showed reduced levels of PC and triacylglycerols (TAG) and alterations in their fatty acid profiles. We further showed that disruption of ROD1 in tgd1 resulted in changes in fatty acid composition of PC and TAG, decreased leaf TAG content and reduced seedling growth. Together, our results reveal a critical role of LPCATs and ROD1 in maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis under conditions, in which fatty acid production largely exceeds the cellular demand for membrane lipid synthesis.
(© 2024 Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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IOS-1829365 National Science Foundation; DE-SC0012704 U.S. Department of Energy

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana; trigalactosyldiacylglycerol1; fatty acid synthesis; lipid remodeling; lipid trafficking; phosphatidylcholine

0 (Arabidopsis Proteins)
0 (Triglycerides)
0 (Phosphatidylcholines)
0 (Fatty Acids)
EC 2.3.1.23 (1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase)
0 (TGD1 protein, Arabidopsis)
EC 2.7.8.2 (Diacylglycerol Cholinephosphotransferase)
EC 6.4.1.2 (Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase)
0 (Membrane Transport Proteins)

Date Created: 20240914 Date Completed: 20241023 Latest Revision: 20241023

20241023

10.1111/tpj.17020

39276345