Olympic team rowers and team swimmers show altered functional brain activation during working memory and action inhibition.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0020713 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-3514 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283932 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neuropsychologia Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Oxford : Pergamon Press
      Original Publication: Oxford.
    • Subject Terms:
      Memory, Short-Term*/physiology ; Inhibition, Psychological* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Brain*/physiology ; Brain*/diagnostic imaging ; Athletes*/psychology; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Swimming/physiology ; Water Sports/physiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Brain Mapping ; Executive Function/physiology ; Oxygen/blood
    • Abstract:
      Background: High-level expertise in team-sports is associated with superior performance on executive functions (EFs) such as working memory (WM) and action inhibition, and with altered activation of brain areas related to these EFs. In most such studies, athletes were sampled from the domain of dynamic (i.e., open-skill) team-sports (e.g., soccer players). Whether static (i.e., closed-skill) team-sports athletes (e.g., rowers and synchronized swimmers) also show superior EFs performance and differential EF-related functional brain activation remains unknown.
      Methods: We recruited 14 elite closed-skill athletes, all national champions, and internationally competitive in various rowing disciplines, as well as 14 controls matched on gender, age, and education, and had them perform working memory and action inhibition (stop-signal) tasks during fMRI scanning.
      Results: Group differences in performance in either task failed to obtain statistical significance, although athletes showed a numerical trend toward higher WM capacity than controls. Importantly, task-related BOLD responses suggested that Olympic closed-skill team athletes show stronger recruitment of brain areas that emphasize relatively stable task demands and weaker engagement of brain areas that emphasize rapidly changing demands imposed by extraneous stimulation.
      Conclusion: Functional brain imaging data suggest elite closed-skill athletes may employ different cognitive strategies.
      (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Action inhibition; Closed-skill team sports; Elite athletes; fMRI; working memory
    • Accession Number:
      S88TT14065 (Oxygen)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240825 Date Completed: 20240907 Latest Revision: 20241029
    • Publication Date:
      20241029
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108974
    • Accession Number:
      39182905