Development of mucoadhesive 3D-printed Carbopol/Eudragit/SNAC tablets for the oral delivery of enoxaparin: In vitro and ex vivo evaluation.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7804127 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-3476 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03785173 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Pharm Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press.
    • Subject Terms:
      Printing, Three-Dimensional* ; Drug Liberation* ; Tablets* ; Enoxaparin*/administration & dosage ; Enoxaparin*/pharmacokinetics ; Enoxaparin*/chemistry; Caco-2 Cells ; Humans ; Administration, Oral ; Acrylic Resins/chemistry ; Animals ; Polymethacrylic Acids/chemistry ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Male ; Drug Delivery Systems/methods ; Adhesiveness ; Permeability ; Polyvinyls/chemistry ; Anticoagulants/administration & dosage ; Anticoagulants/pharmacokinetics ; Anticoagulants/chemistry
    • Abstract:
      3D-printed dosage forms comprised of Carbopol and Eudragit were fabricated through semi-solid extrusion, combining Enoxaparin (Enox) and the permeation enhancer SNAC in a single-step process without subsequent post-processing. Inks were characterized using rheology and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The stability of Enox in the fabricated dosage forms was assessed by means of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Circular Dichroism (CD) analysis. In vitro release studies revealed the release of Enox in a sustained manner, whereas ex vivo experiments demonstrated the mucoadhesive properties of the 3D-printed dosage forms and their ability to enhance Enox permeability across intestinal mucosa. Cellular assays (CCK-8 assay) revealed a dose- and time-dependent response following incubation with the 3D-printed dosage forms. The encapsulation of SNAC in the 3D-printed dosage forms demonstrated their capacity to increase the transcellularly transport of macromolecule across Caco-2 monolayer in a reversible manner, as confirmed by Transepithelial Resistance (TEER) measurements.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
      (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: 3D printing; Cytotoxicity; Enoxaparin; Ex vivo permeability; Oral delivery; SNAC
    • Accession Number:
      0A5MM307FC (carboxypolymethylene)
      0 (Tablets)
      0 (Enoxaparin)
      0 (Acrylic Resins)
      0 (Polymethacrylic Acids)
      25086-15-1 (methylmethacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer)
      0 (Polyvinyls)
      0 (Anticoagulants)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240823 Date Completed: 20240915 Latest Revision: 20240915
    • Publication Date:
      20240916
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124627
    • Accession Number:
      39179008