Duration of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in neonatal surgery: Less is more.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Excerpta Medica Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370473 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1883 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00029610 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Surg Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Belle Mead, NJ : Excerpta Medica
      Original Publication: New York.
    • Subject Terms:
      Antibiotic Prophylaxis*/methods ; Surgical Wound Infection*/prevention & control ; Surgical Wound Infection*/epidemiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents*/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents*/therapeutic use; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Incidence ; Gestational Age
    • Abstract:
      Background: The ideal duration of neonatal antibiotic prophylaxis is not determined with wide variance in practice. This study aims to evaluate the association between duration of antibiotics and surgical site infection (SSI) in neonatal surgery.
      Methods: A retrospective review regarding antibiotic prophylaxis was performed on <30-day-old surgical patients at a children's hospital from 2014 to 2019. The patients were analyzed based on demographics, presence of SSI, and antibiotic duration. The primary outcome was the development of SSI with ANOVA, chi-square, and recursive partitioning used for statistical analysis.
      Results: 19/155 patients developed an SSI (12.26 ​%). Those with an SSI had a lower weight at surgery (p ​= ​0.03). Additionally, wound classification (p ​= ​0.17) and antibiotic duration >48hrs (p ​= ​0.94) made no statistical difference in SSI rate. The two variables most closely linked to SSI development were gestational age (100 ​%) and weight at time of procedure (80.76 ​%).
      Conclusions: Antibiotic prophylaxis >48 ​h did not decrease the incidence of SSI. Risk factors for SSI development in neonatal surgery were lower gestational age, decreased weight at time of procedure and total length of procedure.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no financial or professional conflicts of interest related to the content of the manuscript. All authors have disclosed any affiliations or financial involvement, direct or indirect, or other possible conflicts of interest that might be perceived to influence the results or interpretation of the manuscript.
      (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Neonatal Surgery; Surgical Infection
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240821 Date Completed: 20240912 Latest Revision: 20240912
    • Publication Date:
      20240913
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.115901
    • Accession Number:
      39168743