Semi-field evaluation of aquatic predators for the control of Anopheles funestus in rural south-eastern Tanzania.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101139802 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1475-2875 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14752875 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Malar J Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2002-
    • Subject Terms:
      Anopheles*/physiology ; Mosquito Control*/methods ; Larva*/physiology ; Larva*/growth & development; Animals ; Tanzania ; Female ; Mosquito Vectors/physiology ; Odonata/physiology ; Predatory Behavior ; Pest Control, Biological/methods ; Rural Population ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Malaria/transmission
    • Abstract:
      Background: Biological control is a promising alternative or complementary approach for controlling vector populations in response to the spread of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. This study evaluated the efficacy of three selected potential predators on the density and fitness parameters of Anopheles funestus larvae in rural Tanzania.
      Methods: Common predator families Aeshnidae (dragonflies), Coenagrionidae (damselflies), and Notonectidae (backswimmers) and An. funestus group larvae were collected from natural aquatic habitats in rural south-eastern Tanzania. Predators were starved for 12-h while An. funestus larvae were given fish food before starting the experiment. Anopheles funestus larvae were placed into artificial habitats containing predators, exposing them to potential predation. The number of surviving An. funestus larvae were counted every 24-h. An emergence traps were placed at the top of artificial habitats to capture emerging mosquitoes. Emerged mosquitoes were monitored until they died. Female wings were measured and used as a proxy for body size. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) with binomial variates at 95% CI and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the proportion of dead mosquitoes and the daily survival determined.
      Results: There were significant differences in the number of emerged mosquitoes between the treatment and control groups (P < 0.001). Thus, all predator species played a significant role in reducing the density of An. funestus mosquitoes (P < 0.001). Furthermore, these predators had notable effects on the fitness parameters and survival of emerged mosquitoes (P < 0.001). Among the three predators studied, Coenagrionidae (damselflies) were most efficient followed by Notonectidae (backswimmers), with Aeshnidae (dragonflies) being the least efficient.
      Conclusion: Selected aquatic predators have the potential to reduce the survival and density of An. funestus larvae. They might eventually be included within an integrated malaria vector control strategy, ultimately leading to a reduction in malaria transmission.
      (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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    • Grant Information:
      Ref.# IHI/TC/BAG/2021/146 Ifakara Health Institute; 216448/Z/19/Z NIHR-Wellcome Trust Partnership for Global Health Research International Training Fellowship; 107768/Z/15/Z Uppsala Monitoring Center, Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad), and by the Wellcome Trust; G-19-57145 Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA),CARTA is jointly led by the African by the Carnegie Corporation of New York; 54100113 Sida; United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Anopheles funestus group; Aquatic habitats; Biological control and Ifakara Health Institute; Efficacy; Malaria transmission; Predators
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240801 Date Completed: 20240802 Latest Revision: 20240804
    • Publication Date:
      20240804
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11295350
    • Accession Number:
      10.1186/s12936-024-05055-1
    • Accession Number:
      39090658