Flow analysis-solid phase extraction system and UHPLC-MS/MS analytical methodology for the determination of antiviral drugs in surface water.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9441769 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1614-7499 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09441344 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: <2013->: Berlin : Springer
      Original Publication: Landsberg, Germany : Ecomed
    • Subject Terms:
    • Abstract:
      An automated flow analysis-solid phase extraction (FA-SPE) system and methodology of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis were developed for the determination of selected antiviral drugs (acyclovir, amantadine, rimantadine, and oseltamivir) in water samples. The proposed FA-SPE approach enables the integration of various extraction stages and elimination of the sample evaporation step and offers individual customisation of SPE parameters, inter alia sample, and eluate flow rate and volume. Using the developed FA-SPE procedure, e.g. a 100-fold preconcentration of the target analytes in 1 h was achieved. A method for chromatographic analysis was also developed to determine the selected antiviral drugs in combination with the use of the FA-SPE system. The developed FA-SPE UHPLC-MS/MS method was validated including the determination of linearity of analytical graphs, limits of detection (5.5-99.9 pg mL -1 ) and quantification (18.3-329.8 pg mL -1 ), intra-day (1.8-8.3%) and inter-day (3.0-9.2%) precision, recovery (95.6-105.3%), and matrix effects (- 12.9 to 13.2%). The proposed method was successfully applied to analyse tap, drinking, and river water samples, revealing the presence of amantadine at a concentration of 40.1 pg mL -1 in one sample. The environmental impact of the developed FA-SPE sample preparation procedure was also assessed using the AGREEprep metric tool and compared with five other literature methods, achieving the most sustainable outcome.
      (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Antiviral drugs; Emerging contaminants; Flow analysis; Solid phase extraction; UHPLC-MS/MS; Water analysis
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Antiviral Agents)
      0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
      059QF0KO0R (Water)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240730 Date Completed: 20240814 Latest Revision: 20240817
    • Publication Date:
      20240817
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11324774
    • Accession Number:
      10.1007/s11356-024-34466-5
    • Accession Number:
      39080168