Contrasting morphometric responses to increasing urbanisation in congeneric sparrow species.

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011-

Sparrows*/anatomy & histology ; Sparrows*/physiology ; Urbanization*; Animals ; South Africa ; Ecosystem

Increased urbanisation influences the morphometric traits of various species, often resulting in urban individuals being smaller than their non-urban counterparts. Urbanisation can affect fundamental eco-evolutionary patterns and impact species' ability to adapt to and occupy rapidly changing environments through morphological changes. We investigated the morphometric responses of two passerine species, the non-native house sparrow (Passer domesticus) and its native congener, the Cape sparrow (Passer melanurus), along gradients of spatial and temporal urbanisation in South Africa over a 52-year period. The house sparrow was significantly heavier, larger and in better condition with increasing urban infrastructure and lower urban vegetation cover, while the Cape sparrow showed opposing trends along these gradients. Temporally, the house sparrow's body mass increased consistently over the 52-year study period, suggesting changes in morphology were concomitant with increasing urbanisation over time. This study demonstrates distinct differences in the morphological responses of the non-native house sparrow and the native Cape sparrow to increasing urban development. These morphological responses may also underpin community-level changes caused by urbanisation, enhancing the capabilities of non-native species to thrive over their native counterparts in these environments.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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CN_00000033 European Union - NextGenerationEU; TTK180413320613 National Research Foundation

Keywords: Africa; Bird ringing; Body size; Congeneric species; Global south; Indigenous; Non-native; Urban development

Date Created: 20240713 Date Completed: 20240713 Latest Revision: 20240801

20240801

PMC11246440

10.1038/s41598-024-67222-3

39003406