The global burden of disease attributable to preterm birth and low birth weight in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: International Society of Global Health Country of Publication: Scotland NLM ID: 101578780 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2047-2986 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20472978 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Glob Health Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: <2019>-: Edinburgh : International Society of Global Health
      Original Publication: Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Global Health Society, 2011-
    • Subject Terms:
      Global Burden of Disease*/trends ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Premature Birth*/epidemiology ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years* ; Global Health*/statistics & numerical data ; Infant Mortality*/trends; Humans ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Infant ; Child, Preschool
    • Abstract:
      Background: Preterm birth and low birth weight (PBLBW), recognised globally as primary contributors to infant mortality in children under five, have not been sufficiently investigated in terms of their worldwide impact. In this study we aimed to thoroughly evaluate the contemporary trends in disease burden attributable to PBLBW.
      Methods: We analysed data from 204 countries and territories between 1990-2019, as sourced from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. We analysed the global incidence of mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with PBLBW, stratified by age, gender, year, and geographic location, alongside the socio-demographic index (SDI). We calculated the annual percentage changes to evaluate the dynamic trends over time. We employed a generalised linear model and scrutinised the relationship between the SDI and the disease burden attributed to PBLBW.
      Results: In 2019, the global age-standardised rate of deaths and DALYs related to PBLBW showed significant declines. Over the period 1990-2019, both death and DALY rates displayed substantial downward trends, with similar change trends observed for both females and males. Age-specific ratios revealed a decrease in PBLBW-related deaths and DALYs with increasing age, primarily during the neonatal stages (zero to 27 days). The leading three causes of PBLBW-related DALYs in 2019 were neonatal disorders, lower respiratory infections, and sudden infant death syndrome. Furthermore, the association between SDI and PBLBW-related DALYs indicated that the age-standardised DALY rates in 204 countries and territories worldwide were negatively correlated with SDI in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardised DALY rates decreased linearly in most regions, except sub-Saharan Africa.
      Conclusions: The persistent global burden of disease associated with PBLBW is particularly pronounced in neonates aged less than 28 days and in regions with low SDI. In this study, we highlighted the critical need for tailored interventions aimed at mitigating the detrimental effects of PBLBW to attain specific sustainable development goals, particularly those centred on enhancing child survival and overall well-being.
      Competing Interests: Disclosure of interest: The authors completed the ICMJE Disclosure of Interest Form (available upon request from the corresponding author) and disclose no relevant interests.
      (Copyright © 2024 by the Journal of Global Health. All rights reserved.)
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    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240711 Date Completed: 20240711 Latest Revision: 20240714
    • Publication Date:
      20240714
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11239190
    • Accession Number:
      10.7189/jogh.14.04109
    • Accession Number:
      38991211