Multimorbidity, health Literacy, and quality of life among older adults in an urban slum in India: a community-based cross-sectional study.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968562 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2458 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712458 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-
    • Subject Terms:
      Poverty Areas* ; Health Literacy*/statistics & numerical data ; Quality of Life* ; Multimorbidity* ; Urban Population*/statistics & numerical data; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Prevalence ; Social Determinants of Health
    • Abstract:
      Background: India is experiencing a rising burden of chronic disease multimorbidity due to an aging population and epidemiological transition. Older adults residing in urban slums are especially vulnerable due to challenges in managing multimorbidity amid deprived living conditions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of multimorbidity, associated health literacy, and quality of life impact in this population.
      Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 adults aged ≥ 65 years in an urban slum in Gujarat, India. Data on sociodemographics, physical and mental health conditions, health literacy (HLS-SF-47), quality of life (Short Form-12 scale), and social determinants of health were collected. Multimorbidity is ≥ 2 physical or mental health conditions in one person.
      Results: The prevalence of multimorbidity was 62.5% (500/800). Multimorbidity was significantly associated with lower physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores on the SF-12 (p < 0.001). After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, the odds ratio of 0.81 indicates that for every 1 unit increase in the health literacy score, the odds of having multimorbidity decrease by 19%. Older age within the older adult cohort (per year increase) was associated with greater odds of multimorbidity (AOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.09). Physical inactivity (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.027-2.77) and lack of social support (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.01-2.45) also increased the likelihood of multimorbidity.
      Conclusion: There is a substantial burden of multimorbidity among urban slum dwellers aged ≥ 65 years in India, strongly linked to modifiable risk factors like poor health literacy and social determinants of health. Targeted interventions are essential to alleviate this disproportionate burden among urban slum older adults.
      (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: India; Multimorbidity; Older adults; Quality of life; Urban slums
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240709 Date Completed: 20240710 Latest Revision: 20240712
    • Publication Date:
      20240712
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11234527
    • Accession Number:
      10.1186/s12889-024-19343-7
    • Accession Number:
      38982428