Extant and extinct bilby genomes combined with Indigenous knowledge improve conservation of a unique Australian marsupial.

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  • Additional Information
    • Corporate Authors:
      Kiwirrkurra Rangers
    • Source:
      Publisher: Springer Nature Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101698577 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2397-334X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2397334X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Ecol Evol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: [London] : Springer Nature
    • Subject Terms:
      Conservation of Natural Resources* ; Marsupialia*/genetics ; Genome*; Animals ; Australia ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Extinction, Biological
    • Abstract:
      Ninu (greater bilby, Macrotis lagotis) are desert-dwelling, culturally and ecologically important marsupials. In collaboration with Indigenous rangers and conservation managers, we generated the Ninu chromosome-level genome assembly (3.66 Gbp) and genome sequences for the extinct Yallara (lesser bilby, Macrotis leucura). We developed and tested a scat single-nucleotide polymorphism panel to inform current and future conservation actions, undertake ecological assessments and improve our understanding of Ninu genetic diversity in managed and wild populations. We also assessed the beneficial impact of translocations in the metapopulation (N = 363 Ninu). Resequenced genomes (temperate Ninu, 6; semi-arid Ninu, 6; and Yallara, 4) revealed two major population crashes during global cooling events for both species and differences in Ninu genes involved in anatomical and metabolic pathways. Despite their 45-year captive history, Ninu have fewer long runs of homozygosity than other larger mammals, which may be attributable to their boom-bust life history. Here we investigated the unique Ninu biology using 12 tissue transcriptomes revealing expression of all 115 conserved eutherian chorioallantoic placentation genes in the uterus, an XY 1 Y 2 sex chromosome system and olfactory receptor gene expansions. Together, we demonstrate the holistic value of genomics in improving key conservation actions, understanding unique biological traits and developing tools for Indigenous rangers to monitor remote wild populations.
      (© 2024. The Author(s).)
    • Comments:
      Erratum in: Nat Ecol Evol. 2024 Jul 29. doi: 10.1038/s41559-024-02519-0. (PMID: 39075174)
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    • Grant Information:
      CE200100012 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); LP18010072 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); DP180102465 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); FT160100167 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); DP180100931 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); DP210103512 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); DP220101429 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); DP180103370 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); 2021172 Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Investigator: C Gibson; R Maxwell; Z Spencer; Y Napangati; M Butler; J West; J West; M James; N Napangati; L Gibson; P West; A Gibson; S West; K West; W Japaltjari; E Blackwood; Rachel Paltridge
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240630 Date Completed: 20240711 Latest Revision: 20240801
    • Publication Date:
      20240801
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11239497
    • Accession Number:
      10.1038/s41559-024-02436-2
    • Accession Number:
      38945974