Urtica dioica Extract Abrogates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Toxicity in Zebrafish Larvae.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Zebrafish* ; Chlorpyrifos*/toxicity ; Plant Extracts*/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts*/chemistry ; Larva*/drug effects ; Urtica dioica*/chemistry; Animals ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Insecticides/toxicity ; Telencephalon/drug effects ; Telencephalon/metabolism

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide, though its excessive use causes environmental contamination, raising concerns about its adverse effects on human health. In this regard, Urtica dioica stands out as a promising candidate for counteracting chemical 'contaminant' toxicity thanks to its therapeutic properties. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the potential of an Urtica dioica ethanolic extract (UDE) to mitigate chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity. Eight compounds in the Urtica dioica ethanolic extract have been identified, most of which present significant potential as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agents. Chlorpyrifos exposure altered hatching rates, increased the incidence of teratogenic effects, and upregulated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) in zebrafish larvae telencephalon. On the other hand, UDE demonstrated a preventive effect against CPF-induced teratogenicity, which is expressed by a lower morphological deformity rate. Moreover, the UDE showed a rather protective effect, maintaining the physiological condition of the telencephalon. Additionally, CPF altered the locomotor behavior of larvae, which was characterized by irregular swimming and increased activity. This defective behavioral pattern was slightly attenuated by the UDE. Our findings suggest that the UDE possesses significant protective properties against CPF-induced toxicity, probably conferred by its natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory contents. Still, further research is needed to elucidate the recruited mechanisms and implicated pathways on UDE's protective effects.

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Keywords: Urtica dioica; chlorpyrifos; developmental toxicity; natural compounds; nettle; neuroprotection; organophosphate pesticides

JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
0 (Plant Extracts)
0 (Antioxidants)
0 (Insecticides)

Date Created: 20240627 Date Completed: 20240627 Latest Revision: 20240629

20240629

PMC11203861

10.3390/ijms25126631

38928336