Modeling of Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Dysfunction and Immune Cell Migration Using Human BBB-on-a-Chip for Drug Discovery Research.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Blood-Brain Barrier*/metabolism ; Blood-Brain Barrier*/drug effects ; Cell Movement*/drug effects ; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices* ; Endothelial Cells*/metabolism ; Endothelial Cells*/drug effects; Humans ; Drug Discovery/methods ; Coculture Techniques ; Pericytes/metabolism ; Pericytes/drug effects ; Claudin-5/metabolism ; Astrocytes/metabolism ; Astrocytes/drug effects ; Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is a key feature in neuroimmunological and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we developed a microfluidic human BBB-on-a-chip to model barrier dysfunction and immune cell migration using immortalized TY10 brain endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes. It was found that immortalized TY10 brain endothelial cells developed a microvascular structure under flow. Pericytes were localized on the basal side surrounding the TY10 microvascular structure, showing an in vivo-like structure. Barrier integrity increased under co-culture with pericytes. In addition, both ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and anti-Claudin-5 (CLDN5) neutralizing antibody caused a decrease in the transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). EDTA caused the leakage of 20 kDa dextran, suggesting different effects on the BBB based on the mechanism of action, whereas anti-CLDN5 antibody did not cause leakage. In the tri-culture model, human T cells migrated through endothelial vessels towards basal C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12). The live-imaging analysis confirmed the extravasation of fluorescence-labelled T cells in a CXCL12-concentration- and time-dependent manner. Our BBB model had an in vivo-like structure and successfully represented barrier dysfunction and transendothelial T cell migration. In addition, our study suggests that the inhibition of CLDN5 attenuates the BBB in humans. This platform has various potential uses in relation to the BBB in both drug discovery research and in elucidating the mechanisms of central nervous system diseases.

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This work was funded by Astellas Pharma Inc. Astellas Pharma (Japan)

Keywords: BBB-on-a-chip; T cell; barrier dysfunction; drug discovery research; immune cell migration

0 (Claudin-5)
0 (Chemokine CXCL12)

Date Created: 20240627 Date Completed: 20240627 Latest Revision: 20240629

20240629

PMC11204321

10.3390/ijms25126496

38928202