Effect of nanodiamonds surface deposition on hydrophilicity, bulk degradation and in-vitro cell adhesion of 3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Institute of Physics Pub Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101285195 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1748-605X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17486041 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomed Mater Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Bristol, UK : Institute of Physics Pub.,
    • Subject Terms:
      Tissue Scaffolds*/chemistry ; Tissue Engineering*/methods ; Polyesters*/chemistry ; Cell Adhesion* ; Printing, Three-Dimensional* ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions* ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells*/cytology ; Nanodiamonds*/chemistry ; Surface Properties*; Porosity ; Animals ; Bone and Bones ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Materials Testing ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; Humans
    • Abstract:
      This study was designed to deposit nanodiamonds (NDs) on 3D-printed poly- ϵ -caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds and evaluate their effect on the surface topography, hydrophilicity, degradation, and in-vitro cell adhesion compared to untreated PCL scaffolds. The PCL scaffold specimens were 3D-printed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique with specific porosity parameters. The 3D-printed specimens' surfaces were modified by NDs deposition followed by oxygen plasma post-treatment using a plasma focus device and a non-thermal atmospheric plasma jet, respectively. Specimens were evaluated through morphological characterization by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), microstructure characterization by Raman spectroscopy, chemical characterization by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, hydrophilicity degree by contact angle and water uptake measurements, and in-vitro degradation measurements ( n = 6). In addition, in-vitro bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhesion was evaluated quantitatively by confocal microscopy and qualitatively by FESEM at different time intervals after cell seeding ( n = 6). The statistical significance level was set at p ⩽ 0.05. The FESEM micrographs, the Raman, and FTIR spectra confirmed the successful surface deposition of NDs on scaffold specimens. The NDs treated specimens showed nano-scale features distributed homogeneously across the surface compared to the untreated ones. Also, the NDs treated specimens revealed a statistically significant smaller contact angle (17.45 ± 1.34 degrees), higher water uptake percentage after 24 h immersion in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (21.56% ± 1.73), and higher degradation rate after six months of immersion in PBS (43.92 ± 0.77%). Moreover, enhanced cell adhesion at all different time intervals was observed in NDs treated specimens with higher nuclei area fraction percentage (69.87 ± 3.97%) compared to the untreated specimens (11.46 ± 1.34%). Surface deposition of NDs with oxygen-containing functional groups on 3D-printed PCL scaffolds increased their hydrophilicity and degradation rate with significant enhancement of the in-vitro cell adhesion compared to untreated PCL scaffolds.
      (Creative Commons Attribution license.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: 3D-printing; nanodiamonds and tissue engineering; non-thermal plasma deposition; polycaprolactone
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Polyesters)
      24980-41-4 (polycaprolactone)
      0 (Nanodiamonds)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240625 Date Completed: 20240715 Latest Revision: 20240715
    • Publication Date:
      20240715
    • Accession Number:
      10.1088/1748-605X/ad5bac
    • Accession Number:
      38917826