Consumption of antibiotics in Brazil - an analysis of sales data between 2014 and 2019.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101585411 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2047-2994 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20472994 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Antimicrob Resist Infect Control Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central

Anti-Bacterial Agents*/therapeutic use ; Drug Utilization*/statistics & numerical data; Brazil ; Humans ; Commerce/statistics & numerical data ; Pharmacies/statistics & numerical data

Background: Antibiotic consumption is a driver for the increase of antimicrobial resistance. The objective of this study is to analyze variations in antibiotic consumption and its appropriate use in Brazil from 2014 to 2019.
Methods: We conducted a time series study using the surveillance information system database (SNGPC) from the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency. Antimicrobials sold in retail pharmacies were evaluated. All antimicrobials recorded for systemic use identified by the active ingredient were eligible. Compounded products and formulations for topic use (dermatological, gynecological, and eye/ear treatments) were excluded. The number of defined daily doses (DDDs)/1,000 inhabitants/day for each antibiotic was attributed. The number of DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DDIs) was used as a proxy for consumption. Results were stratified by regions and the average annual percentage change in the whole period studied was estimated. We used the WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) framework to categorize antimicrobial drugs.
Results: An overall increase of 30% in consumption from 2014 to 2019 was observed in all Brazilian regions. Amoxicillin, azithromycin and cephalexin were the antimicrobials more consumed, with the Southeast region responsible for more than 50% of the antibiotic utilization. Among all antimicrobials analyzed 45.0% were classified as watch group in all Brazilian regions.
Conclusion: We observed a significant increase in antibiotics consumption from 2014 to 2019 in Brazil restricted to the Northeast and Central West regions. Almost half of the antibiotics consumed in Brazil were classified as watch group, highlighting the importance to promote rational use in this country.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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Process: 88882.314694/2019-01 CAPES Foundation (Brazilian federal government agency under the Ministry of Education) for the fellowship of pos-doctorate of Fabiane Motter

Keywords: AWaRe; Antibiotic consumption; Antimicrobial resistance; Defined daily doses; Time-series study

0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)

Date Created: 20240609 Date Completed: 20240609 Latest Revision: 20240612

20240612

PMC11163732

10.1186/s13756-024-01412-6

38853279