A comparison of the venom proteomes and potential therapeutics of 3 African naja subgenera.

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  • Author(s): Offor BC;Offor BC; Piater LA; Piater LA
  • Source:
    Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology [Toxicon] 2024 Jul; Vol. 245, pp. 107792. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 03.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Review; Comparative Study
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 1307333 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-3150 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00410101 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Toxicon Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1962-
    • Subject Terms:
      Elapid Venoms*/chemistry ; Proteome*; Animals ; Antivenins/therapeutic use ; Naja ; Phospholipases A2
    • Abstract:
      African cobras (Naja species) represent one of the most encountered medically important snakes in Africa. They are classified as African spitting (Afronaja subgenus) and non-spitting cobras (Uraeus and Boulengerina subgenera) with similar and different characteristics. Snake venom toxins including three-finger toxin (3FTx), phospholipase A2 (PLA 2 ), and snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP) cause snakebite envenomation leading to morbidity and mortality. The profile of the proteome of African cobra venoms will help to develop safer and more effective antivenoms. The approval of Captopril by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, has led to intensified research towards possible use of venom toxins as therapeutics. In this review, we compare the venom proteome profile of 3 African Naja subgenera. In both Afronaja and Boulengerina subgenera, 3FTx (Afronaja-69.79%; Boulengerina-60.56%) followed by PLA 2 (Afronaja-21.15%; Boulengerina-20.21%) dominated the venoms compared to the Uraeus subgenus dominated by 3FTx (84.55%) with little to no PLA 2 abundance (0.8%). The venom of subgenus Uraeus was distinct from the other two subgenera by the almost total absence of PLA 2 , thus indicating little or no contribution of PLA 2 in the envenomation caused by Uraeus compared to Afronaja and Boulengerina. Furthermore, we report studies on the experimental testing of African cobra venoms and toxins against diseases including anti-cancer properties.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Benedict C Offor reports financial support was provided by National Research Foundation South Africa. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
      (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Anti-cancer; Non-spitting cobra; Snake venom; Spitting cobra; Therapeutics; Venom toxin
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Elapid Venoms)
      0 (Proteome)
      0 (Antivenins)
      EC 3.1.1.4 (Phospholipases A2)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240605 Date Completed: 20240616 Latest Revision: 20241202
    • Publication Date:
      20241204
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107792
    • Accession Number:
      38838860