The contributions of vaccination and natural infection to the production of neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 prototype strain and variants.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 9610933 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-3511 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 12019712 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Hamilton, ON : Elsevier
      Original Publication: Hamilton, ON : Decker, c1996-
    • Subject Terms:
      Antibodies, Neutralizing*/immunology ; Antibodies, Neutralizing*/blood ; SARS-CoV-2*/immunology ; COVID-19*/immunology ; COVID-19*/prevention & control ; COVID-19*/virology ; Antibodies, Viral*/blood ; Antibodies, Viral*/immunology ; COVID-19 Vaccines*/immunology ; Vaccination*; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Young Adult ; Adolescent
    • Abstract:
      Objectives: To evaluate the neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants BF.7, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB.1, and XBB.1.5 after vaccination and natural infection.
      Methods: The NAbs against the different viral strains of 490 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 and 187 without SARS-CoV-2 in the Beijing COVID-19 outbreak during December 2022 to January 2023 were analyzed.
      Results: In uninfected individuals, limited levels of NAbs were produced against the prototype and variant strains after two doses vaccine but significantly increased after three or four doses of the vaccine. The infected individuals had high NAbs levels against the BF.7, BQ.1, and BQ.1.1 variants and moderate NAbs levels against the XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 variants. The highest NAbs levels were observed after two inoculation doses. The third and fourth doses vaccine did not result in a significant increase the NAbs levels. After the last dose of vaccination, the NAbs levels peaked at 12 months for the prototype and BF.7 and between 6 to 12 months for the BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB.1, and XBB.1.5 variants.
      Conclusions: The immune response decreases as the virus mutates. If booster vaccination is considered necessary, it is suggested for at least 6 months after infection.
      Competing Interests: Declarations of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare.
      (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Natural infection; Neutralizing antibody; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccination; Variants
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing)
      0 (Antibodies, Viral)
      0 (COVID-19 Vaccines)
    • Subject Terms:
      SARS-CoV-2 variants
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240426 Date Completed: 20240530 Latest Revision: 20240530
    • Publication Date:
      20240531
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107060
    • Accession Number:
      38670482