SCPL acyltransferases catalyze the metabolism of chlorogenic acid during purple coneflower seed germination.

Publisher: Wiley on behalf of New Phytologist Trust Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9882884 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1469-8137 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0028646X NLM ISO Abbreviation: New Phytol Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Oxford : Wiley on behalf of New Phytologist Trust
Original Publication: London, New York [etc.] Academic Press.

Germination*/drug effects ; Chlorogenic Acid*/metabolism ; Acyltransferases*/metabolism ; Acyltransferases*/genetics ; Seeds*/drug effects ; Seeds*/growth & development ; Seeds*/metabolism ; Echinacea*/metabolism ; Echinacea*/drug effects ; Plant Proteins*/metabolism ; Plant Proteins*/genetics; Phylogeny ; Biocatalysis/drug effects ; Carboxypeptidases

The metabolism of massively accumulated chlorogenic acid is crucial for the successful germination of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Menoch). A serine carboxypeptidase-like (SCPL) acyltransferase (chicoric acid synthase, CAS) utilizes chlorogenic acid to produce chicoric acid during germination. However, it seems that the generation of chicoric acid lags behind the decrease in chlorogenic acid, suggesting an earlier route of chlorogenic acid metabolism. We discovered another chlorogenic acid metabolic product, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, which is produced before chicoric acid, filling the lag phase. Then, we identified two additional typical clade IA SCPL acyltransferases, named chlorogenic acid condensing enzymes (CCEs), that catalyze the biosynthesis of 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid from chlorogenic acid with different kinetic characteristics. Chlorogenic acid inhibits radicle elongation in a dose-dependent manner, explaining the potential biological role of SCPL acyltransferases-mediated continuous chlorogenic acid metabolism during germination. Both CCE1 and CCE2 are highly conserved among Echinacea species, supporting the observed metabolism of chlorogenic acid to 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in two Echinacea species without chicoric acid accumulation. The discovery of SCPL acyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid suggests convergent evolution. Our research clarifies the metabolism strategy of chlorogenic acid in Echinacea species and provides more insight into plant metabolism.
(© 2024 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2024 New Phytologist Foundation.)

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2023YFC3503903 National Key Research and Development Program of China; 2023NSFSC1991 Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province; SKLTCM202206 Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources; SCU2023D003 Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Keywords: 3,5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid; chlorogenic acid; evolutionary conservation; germination; metabolism; purple coneflower; serine carboxypeptidase‐like acyltransferase

318ADP12RI (Chlorogenic Acid)
EC 2.3.- (Acyltransferases)
0 (Plant Proteins)
EC 3.4.16.5 (serine carboxypeptidase)
EC 3.4.- (Carboxypeptidases)

Date Created: 20240426 Date Completed: 20240606 Latest Revision: 20240606

20240606

10.1111/nph.19776

38666323