Examining the association between serum galactose-deficient IgA1 and primary IgA nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Italy NLM ID: 9012268 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1724-6059 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 11218428 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Nephrol Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2014- : Heidelberg : Springer
Original Publication: Rome : Acta Medica,

Glomerulonephritis, IGA*/blood ; Immunoglobulin A*/blood ; Galactose*/blood ; Galactose*/deficiency ; Biomarkers*/blood; Humans ; Glomerular Filtration Rate

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common primary glomerular disease. The O-glycosylation status of IgA1 plays a crucial role in disease pathophysiology. The level of poorly-O-galactosylated IgA1, or galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), has also been identified as a potential biomarker in IgAN. We sought to examine the value of serum Gd-IgA1 as a biomarker in IgAN, by investigating its association with clinical, laboratory, and histopathological features of IgAN.
Methods: The review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021287423). The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus, and the selected articles were evaluated for eligibility based on predefined criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Statistical analysis was performed to calculate effect sizes and assess heterogeneity among the studies.
Results: This review analyzed 29 out of 1,986 studies, conducted between 2005 and 2022, with participants from multiple countries. Gd-IgA1 levels were not associated with age and gender, while associations with hypertension, hematuria, and proteinuria were inconsistent. In the meta-analyses, a correlation between serum Gd-IgA1 and estimated glomerular filtration rate was identified, however, the relationships between Gd-IgA1 levels and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage and progression to kidney failure were inconsistent.
Conclusions: Serum Gd-IgA1 levels were not associated with validated prognostic risk factors, but were negatively correlated with kidney function. Further research in larger studies using standardized assays are needed to establish the value of Gd-IgA1 as a prognostic risk factor in IgAN.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. Ethical approval: Ethical approval is not applicable. This is a systematic review article. Human and animal rights: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Informed consent: For this type of study, formal consent is not required.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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Keywords: Biomarker; Gd-IgA1; Glycosylation; IgA nephropathy

0 (Immunoglobulin A)
X2RN3Q8DNE (Galactose)
0 (Biomarkers)

Date Created: 20240301 Date Completed: 20241216 Latest Revision: 20241216

20241217

10.1007/s40620-023-01874-8

38427309