Using Polygenic Scores for Circadian Rhythms to Predict Wellbeing, Depressive Symptoms, Chronotype, and Health.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Sage Publishers Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8700115 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1552-4531 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 07487304 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Biol Rhythms Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Thousand Oaks Ca : Sage Publishers
      Original Publication: New York : Guilford Press, c1986-
    • Subject Terms:
      Circadian Rhythm*/genetics ; Depression*/genetics ; Quality of Life* ; Multifactorial Inheritance*; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Netherlands ; Twins, Dizygotic/genetics ; Mental Health ; Sleep/genetics ; Sleep/physiology ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Aged ; Young Adult ; Chronotype
    • Abstract:
      The association between circadian rhythms and diseases has been well established, while the association with mental health is less explored. Given the heritable nature of circadian rhythms, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between genes underlying circadian rhythms and mental health outcomes, as well as a possible gene-environment correlation for circadian rhythms. Polygenic scores (PGSs) represent the genetic predisposition to develop a certain trait or disease. In a sample from the Netherlands Twin Register ( N  = 14,021), PGSs were calculated for two circadian rhythm measures: morningness and relative amplitude (RA). The PGSs were used to predict mental health outcomes such as subjective happiness, quality of life, and depressive symptoms. In addition, we performed the same prediction analysis in a within-family design in a subset of dizygotic twins. The PGS for morningness significantly predicted morningness ( R 2  = 1.55%) and depressive symptoms ( R 2  = 0.22%). The PGS for RA significantly predicted general health ( R 2  = 0.12%) and depressive symptoms ( R 2  = 0.20%). Item analysis of the depressive symptoms showed that 4 out of 14 items were significantly associated with the PGSs. Overall, the results showed that people with a genetic predisposition of being a morning person or with a high RA are likely to have fewer depressive symptoms. The four associated depressive symptoms described symptoms related to decision-making, energy, and feeling worthless or inferior, rather than sleep. Based on our findings future research should include a substantial role for circadian rhythms in depression research and should further explore the gene-environment correlation in circadian rhythms.
      Competing Interests: Conflict Of Interest StatementThe authors have no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: circadian rhythm; depression; mental health; polygenic scores; twins; wellbeing
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240301 Date Completed: 20240530 Latest Revision: 20240603
    • Publication Date:
      20240603
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11141090
    • Accession Number:
      10.1177/07487304241230577
    • Accession Number:
      38425306