The Essence of What it Is to Act Rationally: A Perspective on Distinctively Human Action Based on Aristotelian Philosophy and Evolutionary Science.

Publisher: Springer Science + Business Media Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101319534 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1936-3567 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19324502 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Integr Psychol Behav Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: New York : Springer Science + Business Media

Philosophy* ; Biological Evolution*; Humans ; Heuristics

The purpose of this article is to understand the distinctively human behavior from Aristotelian ethics and evolutionary science to offer a perspective of what it means to act rationally. We argue that this way of acting is characterized by a decision informed by the analysis of whether or not it is worth pursuing an end, and by certain means, which takes place through a weighting of consequences from the body of knowledge that the person has so far We also argue that such a process can occur quickly (and requiring a less cognitive effort) or slowly (and demanding more cognitive effort), depending on whether or not the person has previous experiences of choices that have generated good consequences in the type of context presented; What does it mean for a person to have or not rational heuristics established in their minds, which are those that are connected to the most current network of "whys" and that has been consolidated precisely because they have proven effective in pointing out what is best to do in that kind of context. Finally, we apply the perspective we are offering to evidence three imprecise notions about "acting rationally".
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

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Keywords: Aristotle; Cognition; Evolutionary science; Rationality; Thinking / Reasoning / Judgment

Date Created: 20240223 Date Completed: 20240805 Latest Revision: 20240805

20240805

10.1007/s12124-024-09831-1

38388983