Residual radiation risk disparities across sex and race or ethnic groups for lifetime never-smokers on lunar missions.

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  • Author(s): Cucinotta FA;Cucinotta FA; Saganti PB; Saganti PB
  • Source:
    Life sciences in space research [Life Sci Space Res (Amst)] 2024 Feb; Vol. 40, pp. 72-80. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 07.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Ltd Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101632373 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2214-5532 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22145524 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Life Sci Space Res (Amst) Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Amsterdam : Elsevier Ltd, [2014]-
    • Subject Terms:
      Ethnicity* ; Neoplasms*/epidemiology ; Racial Groups* ; Astronauts* ; Radiation Exposure*/adverse effects ; Cardiovascular Diseases*/epidemiology; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moon ; Smokers ; United States ; Risk Assessment ; Sex Factors
    • Abstract:
      Missions to the Earth's moon are of scientific and societal interest, however pose the problem of risks of late effects for returning crew persons, most importantly cancer and circulatory diseases. In this paper, we discuss NSCR-2022 model risk estimates for lunar missions for US racial and ethnic groups comparing never-smokers (NS) to US averages for each group and sex. We show that differences within groups between men and women are reduced for NS compared to the average population. Race and ethnic group dependent cancer and circulatory disease risks are reduced by 10% to 40% for NS with the largest decrease for Whites. Circulatory disease risks are changed by less than 10% for NS and in several cases modestly increased due to increased lifespan for NS. Asian-Pacific Islanders (API) and Hispanics NS are at lower risk compared to Whites and Blacks. Differences between groups are narrowed for NS compared to predictions for average populations, however disparities remain especially for Blacks and to a lesser extent Whites compared to API or Hispanic NS groups.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
      (Copyright © 2023 The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Cancer risk; Circulatory disease risk; Galactic cosmic rays; High LET radiation; Never-smokers; Race and ethnic group disparities; Space radiation
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240120 Date Completed: 20240122 Latest Revision: 20240122
    • Publication Date:
      20240123
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.lssr.2023.09.001
    • Accession Number:
      38245350