New-onset syncope in diabetic patients treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: a Chinese population-based cohort study.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101669491 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2055-6845 (Electronic) NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Oxford : Oxford University Press, [2015]-
    • Subject Terms:
      Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors*/adverse effects ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/drug therapy ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors*/adverse effects ; Cardiovascular Diseases*/diagnosis; Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Syncope/chemically induced ; Syncope/complications ; Syncope/drug therapy ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases/therapeutic use ; Glucose/therapeutic use ; Sodium/therapeutic use
    • Abstract:
      Background and Aims: Syncope is a symptom that poses an important diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, and generates significant cost for the healthcare system. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have demonstrated beneficial cardiovascular effects, but their possible effects on incident syncope have not been fully investigated. This study compared the effects of SGLT2i and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) on new-onset syncope.
      Methods and Results: This was a retrospective, territory-wide cohort study enrolling type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients treated with SGLT2i or DPP4i between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2020, in Hong Kong, China. The outcomes were hospitalization of new-onset syncope, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable Cox regression and different approaches using the propensity score were applied to evaluate the association between SGLT2i and DPP4i with incident syncope and mortality. After matching, a total of 37 502 patients with T2DM were included (18 751 SGLT2i users vs. 18 751 DPP4i users). During a median follow-up of 5.56 years, 907 patients were hospitalized for new-onset syncope (2.41%), and 2346 patients died from any cause (6.26%), among which 471 deaths (1.26%) were associated with cardiovascular causes. Compared with DPP4i users, SGLT2i therapy was associated with a 51% lower risk of new-onset syncope [HR 0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41-0.57; P < 0.001], 65% lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.35; 95% CI 0.26-0.46; P < 0.001), and a 70% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.30; 95% CI 0.26-0.34; P < 0.001) in the fully adjusted model. Similar associations with syncope were observed for dapagliflozin (HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.58-0.85; P < 0.001), canagliflozin (HR 0.48; 95% CI 0.36-0.63; P < 0.001), and ertugliflozin (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.30-0.68; P < 0.001), but were attenuated for empagliflozin (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.59-1.05; P = 0.100) after adjusting for potential confounders. The subgroup analyses suggested that, compared with DPP4i, SGLT2i was associated with a significantly decreased risk of incident syncope among T2DM patients, regardless of gender, age, glucose control status, Charlson comorbidity index, and the association remained constant amongst those with common cardiovascular drugs and most antidiabetic drugs at baseline.
      Conclusion: Compared with DPP4i, SGLT2i was associated with a significantly lower risk of new-onset syncope in patients with T2DM, regardless of gender, age, degree of glycaemic control, and comorbidity burden.
      (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.)
    • Grant Information:
      82170327 National Natural Science Foundation of China; TJYXZDXK-029A Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: All-cause mortality; Cardiovascular mortality; Diabetes mellitus; Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors; Syncope
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors)
      0 (Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors)
      EC 3.4.14.- (Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases)
      IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
      9NEZ333N27 (Sodium)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20231114 Date Completed: 20240226 Latest Revision: 20240226
    • Publication Date:
      20240226
    • Accession Number:
      10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad086
    • Accession Number:
      37962962