Age group differences in psychological distress and leisure-time exercise/socioeconomic status during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis during 2020 to 2021 of a cohort study in Japan.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Frontiers Editorial Office Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101616579 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2296-2565 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22962565 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Lausanne : Frontiers Editorial Office
    • Subject Terms:
      COVID-19*/epidemiology ; Psychological Distress*; Male ; Young Adult ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Japan/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Pandemics ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Social Class ; Exercise
    • Abstract:
      Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between psychological distress and leisure-time exercise/socioeconomic status by age group, using data from a cohort study in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.
      Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among participants in the ME-BYO cohort, aged 20-85 years, living or working in Kanagawa, Japan. A questionnaire was disseminated to 1,573 participants (51.7% men) between December 2020 and March 2021. The questionnaire items included psychological distress (using the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K6]), leisure-time exercise, and socioeconomic status. Multivariate analyses were conducted using logistic regression analysis for each age group.
      Results: We found that 47.4% of 20-39-year-olds, 40.6% of 40-64-year-olds, and 28.3% of 65-85-year-olds experienced psychological distress (K6: ≥5 points). For those aged 20-39 years, leisure-time exercise (odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence interval) = 0.45 (0.28-0.73)) and higher annual household income [0.53 (0.32-0.90)] were associated with less psychological distress. For those aged 40-64 years, older age was associated with less psychological distress, while full-time work [1.98 (1.05-9.71)] was associated with more psychological distress. In the 65-85-year age group, higher education and higher annual income tended to be associated with less psychological distress. For those over 40 years of age, living with other(s) was associated with reduced psychological distress.
      Conclusion: In the general population of Japan, not engaging in leisure-time exercise and low income affect psychological distress among young adults. Further detailed studies are needed to consider overall physical activity, job type, and work style.
      Competing Interests: HI and NS are members of Hygeia Communication General Incorporated Association. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
      (Copyright © 2023 Saito, Nakamura, Watanabe, Ikegami, Shinmura, Sato, Miyagi and Narimatsu.)
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: COVID-19; mental health; physical activity; social disparities; social environments
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20231113 Date Completed: 20231114 Latest Revision: 20231114
    • Publication Date:
      20231114
    • Accession Number:
      PMC10634212
    • Accession Number:
      10.3389/fpubh.2023.1233942
    • Accession Number:
      37954049