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Maladi Nanm, Maladi Zonbi, & Maladi Lalin : A qualitative study of cultural concepts of distress in northern Haiti.
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- Additional Information
- Source:
Publisher: Published by Sage Publications on behalf of McGill University Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9708119 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1461-7471 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13634615 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Transcult Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE
- Publication Information:
Original Publication: London ; Thousand Oaks, CA : Published by Sage Publications on behalf of McGill University, c1997-
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract:
Cultural Concepts of Distress (CCDs) are culturally constructed diagnostic categories that exist within a specific society or culture. While several studies have assessed CCDs around the world, few studies have examined them in Haiti. This qualitative study examines manifestations of anxiety and depression via "sent spirits" in the form of maladi nanm ("Soul disorder") and maladi zonbi ("Zombie disorder"), and bipolar disorder in the form of maladi lalin ("Moon disorder"). Examples of CCDs were recorded as part of a study which interviewed 96 outpatients at the first mental health center in northern Haiti. Using qualitative methods, the authors identified three specific CCDs as reported by mental health patients. Maladi nanm and maladi zonbi represent alternative explanatory models of anxiety and depression in which the sufferer views mental illness as stemming from a sent spirit, or spirit which is intentionally sent supernaturally with the intent to cause harm. Maladi lalin is experienced by patients with bipolar disorder who associate cycles of mania and depression as in-sync with the phases of the moon. Understanding culture-bound forms of mental distress in settings such as Haiti is essential to developing accurate psychometrics for measuring mental health, as well as ensuring culturally appropriate and effective diagnosis and treatment.
Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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- Grant Information:
D43 TW010543 United States TW FIC NIH HHS
- Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Haiti; cultural concepts of distress; culture-bound illnesses; culture-specific disorders; mental health
- Publication Date:
Date Created: 20231110 Date Completed: 20240229 Latest Revision: 20240503
- Publication Date:
20240503
- Accession Number:
PMC11064742
- Accession Number:
10.1177/13634615231211477
- Accession Number:
37946493
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