A smart economic way to control camel parasites and improve camel production in Egypt.

Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370713 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1090-2449 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00144894 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Exp Parasitol Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Orlando, FL : Academic Press
Original Publication: New York.

Parasites* ; Trypanosoma*; Animals ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Camelus/parasitology ; Egypt/epidemiology ; Ivermectin/pharmacology ; Ivermectin/therapeutic use

Treatment of the parasites in camels strategically by administration of the specific drugs (Ivomec 1% SC injection, Amprolium hydrochloride orally, Naganol SC injection and Deltamethrin, poure on) at a specially selected time concerning the transmission season of Nematodes, Coccidia, Trypanosoma, Ticks & mite infection respectively causes relief to the animal from the stress of the parasite, minimizes the number of eggs shedding, and improves its general health conditions. However, the present study designed and applied three selected treatment regimes to 300 parasitically infected and controlled camels in Middle Egypt. The first regime was performed by treating animals two times/year during the peak of infection; the first was in April against internal parasites, and in July against external parasites. The second program was conducted by treating animals three times/year; the first was in March against early-arrived internal parasites, the second was in June against external and internal ones, and the third treatment was in August against the rest of the external parasites. Furthermore, the last suggested regime was applied by applying 4 treatments/year: the first was in February against the internal parasites, the second was in May against the early infection by external parasites as well as the remaining internal parasites, and the third was in July against the external parasite. The fourth treatment was in September to eradicate the remaining internal parasite and keep the animal parasite-free during winter. Treatment was applied to the whole flock; however, the movement of treated and control animals was restricted. The study proved a significant decrease in the incidence and level of parasite burden in animals that received 3 and 4 treatments/year, associated with marked improvement in the mean body score, blood parameters, and rate of pregnancy and its related hormones, as well as enhancement in liver and kidney function parameters. The selection of 3 or 4 treatment regimens will be evaluated concerning their economic cost and total income after another year after each protocol's end.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest There is no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Keywords: Camel; Middle Egypt; Parasites; Strategic control

70288-86-7 (Ivermectin)

Date Created: 20231101 Date Completed: 20231216 Latest Revision: 20231216

20231217

10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108650

37914150