RNA Repair: Hiding in Plain Sight.

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  • Author(s): Shuman S;Shuman S;Shuman S
  • Source:
    Annual review of genetics [Annu Rev Genet] 2023 Nov 27; Vol. 57, pp. 461-489. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 18.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Review
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Annual Reviews Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0117605 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1545-2948 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00664197 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Annu Rev Genet Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Palo Alto Ca : Annual Reviews
      Original Publication: Palo Alto, Calif., Annual Reviews, inc.
    • Subject Terms:
      RNA Ligase (ATP)*/genetics ; RNA Ligase (ATP)*/metabolism ; RNA*/genetics; Phylogeny ; RNA, Transfer/genetics ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism ; RNA Splicing/genetics
    • Abstract:
      Enzymes that phosphorylate, dephosphorylate, and ligate RNA 5' and 3' ends were discovered more than half a century ago and were eventually shown to repair purposeful site-specific endonucleolytic breaks in the RNA phosphodiester backbone. The pace of discovery and characterization of new candidate RNA repair activities in taxa from all phylogenetic domains greatly exceeds our understanding of the biological pathways in which they act. The key questions anent RNA break repair in vivo are ( a ) identifying the triggers, agents, and targets of RNA cleavage and ( b ) determining whether RNA repair results in restoration of the original RNA, modification of the RNA (by loss or gain at the ends), or rearrangements of the broken RNA segments (i.e., RNA recombination). This review provides a perspective on the discovery, mechanisms, and physiology of purposeful RNA break repair, highlighting exemplary repair pathways (e.g., tRNA restriction-repair and tRNA splicing) for which genetics has figured prominently in their elucidation.
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: RNA ligase; end healing; end sealing; enzyme discovery; polynucleotide kinase–phosphatase; tRNA restriction; tRNA splicing
    • Accession Number:
      EC 6.5.1.3 (RNA Ligase (ATP))
      63231-63-0 (RNA)
      9014-25-9 (RNA, Transfer)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20230918 Date Completed: 20231129 Latest Revision: 20240221
    • Publication Date:
      20240222
    • Accession Number:
      10.1146/annurev-genet-071719-021856
    • Accession Number:
      37722686