Neonatal cortical activity organizes into transient network states that are affected by vigilance states and brain injury.

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    • Source:
      Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9215515 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1095-9572 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10538119 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neuroimage Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Orlando, FL : Academic Press, c1992-
    • Subject Terms:
      Brain Injuries*/diagnostic imaging ; Sleep, Slow-Wave* ; Zinostatin*; Adult ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Brain ; Sleep ; Benchmarking
    • Abstract:
      Early neurodevelopment is critically dependent on the structure and dynamics of spontaneous neuronal activity; however, the natural organization of newborn cortical networks is poorly understood. Recent adult studies suggest that spontaneous cortical activity exhibits discrete network states with physiological correlates. Here, we studied newborn cortical activity during sleep using hidden Markov modeling to determine the presence of such discrete neonatal cortical states (NCS) in 107 newborn infants, with 47 of them presenting with a perinatal brain injury. Our results show that neonatal cortical activity organizes into four discrete NCSs that are present in both cardinal sleep states of a newborn infant, active and quiet sleep, respectively. These NCSs exhibit state-specific spectral and functional network characteristics. The sleep states exhibit different NCS dynamics, with quiet sleep presenting higher fronto-temporal activity and a stronger brain-wide neuronal coupling. Brain injury was associated with prolonged lifetimes of the transient NCSs, suggesting lowered dynamics, or flexibility, in the cortical networks. Taken together, the findings suggest that spontaneously occurring transient network states are already present at birth, with significant physiological and pathological correlates; this NCS analysis framework can be fully automatized, and it holds promise for offering an objective, global level measure of early brain function for benchmarking neurodevelopmental or clinical research.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest No conflict of interest exists. All authors approve the submission.
      (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Brain dynamics; Functional networks; Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; Neonatal EEG; Sleep
    • Accession Number:
      9014-02-2 (Zinostatin)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20230824 Date Completed: 20230905 Latest Revision: 20231003
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120342
    • Accession Number:
      37619792